Campus libraries support teaching and research at the undergraduate and graduate levels in all fields covered by the Economics Department and serve as a resource for the citizens of North Carolina. Resources for economics rank among the top twenty university libraries in the country, with strengths in economic theory and development of economic thought/doctrines, economic and business history (particularly for the United States and Western Europe), comparative economic systems/international economics, econometrics/statistics, finance, government and public policy, gender- and race-related topics, urban/regional development, statistical data (both in print and electronic formats), and world-class holdings for demography/population. Materials related to the American South and North Carolina specifically are among the most extensive found anywhere. The libraries acquire English-language books and periodicals (including e-journals) comprehensively from all parts of world as well as a wide range of relevant foreign-language materials and subscribe to the major databases. Because the libraries also support graduate programs in business and dozens of social and health science fields, resources on related subjects of interest to faculty and students are typically available on campus.

The Walter Royal Davis Library houses the major collections and services for economics. With the exception of most older government documents and individual titles in large microform collections, nearly all library holdings are in the online catalog. In addition to comprehensive general and reference collections, Davis Library also has important specialized resources for economics in its geographic information systems service and the government information and microforms collections.

Carolina Population Center's Library collects specialized materials on demography and population, while the Chapin City and Regional Planning Library houses the core collections for urban and regional planning, with a focus on North America and the British Isles. The Odum Institute for Research in Social Science Library Data Archive is one of the oldest and largest collections of machine-readable data in the U.S, offering extensive holdings of census and related economic statistics. In addition, the Odum Institute also provides assistance in locating and ordering data from other locations such as the Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research (ICPSR), which stores and distributes data from both individual researchers and many federally funded social science studies and maintains data files previously obtained from ICPSR.

The Media Resources Center, located in the House Undergraduate Library complements Davis Library with its audiovisual resources in economics. Wilson Library's North Carolina Collection has in-depth resources related to North Carolina. The Law Library has holdings for legal studies and specialized areas such as taxation, while the Health Sciences Library has resources on biomedical topics of interest to economists. In addition to global collections of more than five million volumes, over four million microforms, nearly two million government documents, hundreds of thousands of audiovisuals, maps and photographs, tens of thousands of print subscriptions, campus libraries offer more than 500 databases and over 40,000 electronic journals.

Duke University libraries hold significant resources in economics that complement what can be found in campus libraries, especially for Brazil, Canada, Central America, Japan, Korea, Mexico, South Asia, and the British Commonwealth countries of Africa. The libraries' membership in the Center for Research Libraries provides users with additional collections of specialized materials, particularly foreign dissertations and government publications, books and periodicals not in English from outside the United States, foreign newspapers, ethnic newspapers published in North America and economics working papers, foreign bank publications, and large microform and reprint sets in economics.