PREFACE

So much of what agonizes and divides us remains unacknowledged. Even more of it simply fades into oblivion. There it should stay many people think-why dredge this stuff up? Why linger on the past, which we cannot change? We must move toward a brighter future and leave all that stuff behind. It's true that we must make a new world. But we can't make it out of whole cloth. We have to weave the future from the past, from the patterns of aspiration and belonging--and broken dreams and anguished rejections--that have made us. What the advocates of our deepening social amnesia don't understand is how deeply the past holds the future in its grip-even, and perhaps especially-when it remains unacknowledged. We are runaway slaves from our past, and only by turning to face the hounds can we find freedom beyond them.
--Timothy B. Tyson, Blood Done Sign My Name, p. 307

This year, which included the seventy-fifth anniversary of the Southern Historical Collection and, by extension, of the whole Department, was remarkable. As this report reflects, among much else, we featured programming celebrating the anniversary, highlighted by a blockbuster exhibit and a two-day conference, both titled "Southern Sources," which looked at our past as tools for charting our future. That's what we're about here in the Manuscripts Department--providing researchers with the documentation they need to examine the past, sometimes facing the hounds, as Tim Tyson would have it, so that they can then help us all toward freedom.

Lots happened this year around "The Old Southern Home," and here's a preview of what you can learn about it from our annual report.

First, please note that "Collection Use" has moved to the front of this year's report. This is because that use and its impact on the world we share is the proof of the value of our work as archivists. It is heartening to note that there were more visits to our Search Room this year than in any recent (possibly any other) year. Most, but not all other measures of use also were up over last year. To me, this is a most important reflection of the value of the work all of us do--collectors, processors and catalogers, conservators, technicians, fund-raisers, exhibit curators, administrators, and those who work directly with our researchers and visitors. In the year we have already well started, we will strive to increase use further and to support its broader impact.

The "Selected Activities" section of the report describes the numerous exhibits, programs, seminars, symposia, and grant-funded projects that Department staff organized and implemented in 2004/2005. In addition to those inspired by the 75th, these efforts focused on such areas as major collections (those of Bill Ferris and the Penn Center, among others), the Southern string band tradition, digital imaging, and selected 19th-century collections, which are being microfilmed. All staff and components of the Department were involved in these activities, generously contributing their skills.

"Collection Growth" lists some of the more significant gifts, purchases, deposits, and transfers that were added to the SHC, SFC, and UARS this year. I think it makes for satisfying and interesting reading. Again, though certain staff took the lead, everyone pitched in with the donor relations, material pick-ups, accessioning, and other acquisition details involved. These new collections and additions to already established ones cover a wide range of subject areas, from UNC-Chapel Hill (of course) to a wide range of southern folk music, to textile mill records, papers of Southern activists, and literary materials.

"Collection Access" and "Preservation" feature the accomplishments of our Technical Services staff, indicating the amount and some major examples of materials now available to researchers and/or made physically stable that were not so this time last year. Again, the scope and extent is impressive. The physical and intellectual procedures and, especially the electronic access approaches employed by staff were archivally sophisticated and the envy of many of our peer institutions. We used staff resources as wisely as we could, though limits here have us constantly looking at less intensive ways of making materials more minimally, but still responsibly, available to our all-important users.

So, here is the Manuscripts Department in 2004/2005. I judge that the staff did a wonderful and imaginative job--their individual contributions are covered in evaluations elsewhere. Here, I'll mention specifically, and with gratitude, only Lynn Holdzkom's heroic effort in coordinating the contents of this report. We also note, sadly, the retirement of our long-time Public Services Assistant, John White.

With help from our friends in Development and in Library Administration (who worked hard for us, we should add, in '04-'05) we hope soon to add to our staff numbers. This will allow us to take even better advantage of our opportunities and thus make a bigger contribution to those researchers who look into our past to lay the groundwork for a liberating future for us all.

Tim West
Curator of Manuscripts and Director of the Southern Historical Collection
29 September 2005

COLLECTION USE

The Manuscripts Department as a whole recorded about 4,250 circulations in FY2004/2005. Reference questions of all types totaled about 8,525. Staff gave 41 classes and workshops to about 850 participants and conducted 54 tours for about 400 people. Staff filled 135 audio studio requests.

A number of publications resulted in significant part from research in the Manuscripts Department, some of which are listed below.

Selected Monographs:

• Brown, Kent Masterson. Retreat from Gettysburg: Lee, Logistics and the Pennsylvania Campaign (Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press, 2005)
• Carmichael, Peter S. The Last Generation: Young Virginians in Peace, War, and Reunion (Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press, 2005)
• Chappell, David L. A Stone of Hope: Prophetic Religion and the Death of Jim Crow (Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press, 2004)
• Greene, Christina. Our Separate Ways: Women and the Black Freedom Movement in Durham, North Carolina (Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press, 2005)
• Harvey, Paul. Freedom's Coming: Religious Culture and the Shaping of the South from the Civil War through the Civil Rights Era (Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press, 2005)
• Hess, Earl J. Field Armies and Fortification in the Civil War: The Eastern Campaigns, 1861-1864 (Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press, 2005)
• King, BB and Dick Waterman. The BB King Treasures: Photos, Momentos and Music from BB King's Collection. (The book used photographs and recordings from the William R. Ferris Collection.)
• Link, William A. Roots of Secession: Slavery and Politics in Antebellum Virginia (Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press, 2005)
• O'Brien, Michael. Conjectures of Order: Intellectual Life and the American South, 1810-1860 (Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press, 2005)
• Rubin, Anne Sarah. A Shattered Nation: The Rise and Fall of the Confederacy, 1861-1868 (Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press, 2005)
• Zipf, Karin. Labor of Innocents: Forced Apprenticeship in North Carolina, 1715-1919 (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2005)

Selected Articles:

• Rose, Anne C. "Putting the South on the Psychological Map: The Impact of Region and Race on the Human Sciences during the 1930s," The Journal of Southern History, 71:2 (May 2005), 321-356.
• West, Stephen A. "Minute Men, Yeomen, and the mobilization for Secession in the South Carolina Upcountry," The Journal of Southern History, 71:1 (February 2005), 75-104.

Selected Sound Recordings:

• You Ain't Talking to Me: Charlie Poole and the Roots of Country Music, 3-CD Box Set (Columbia Legacy, 2005).

Selected Video:

• www.folkstreams.net

Selected Researcher Comments:

• Quotes from Southern Sources: A Symposium Celebrating Seventy-Five Years of the Southern Historical Collection
• "It was wonderfully planned, smoothly run, and provided some real intellectual stimulation."
• "Congratulations on a wonderful meeting - it was very stimulating, informative and enjoyable ... the kind of experience that I will continue to think about and learn from."
• "Great ... to participate in such a great weekend -- intellectually stimulating, wonderfully organized (from sessions to the Pistols)."
• Quotes from faculty:
• "Where better to introduce [an undergraduate student] to using archival sources than the SHC? ... As her mentor, I told her you folks are the best in the business, and would receive her in the best professional way."
• "... thanks so much for such a wonderful tour of the SHC today--it was really fantastic. You give a GREAT presentation, and I was so appreciative that you pulled such wonderful materials for my students to look at."
• "The introduction helped the students and their projects immensely."
• Quotes from remote and in-person patrons:
• "I am so indebted to the kindness and expertise of the reference staff. I really appreciate this!"
• "Thank you very much for your effort and prompt response. Your information is very helpful."
• "Thank you so much for assisting me with my research and shooting last week for UNC-TV. You were all so wonderfully helpful and accommodating."
• " ... thank you for your generosity and patience with what must have been a most unusual request last spring. I very much appreciate how you made that surveyor's journal available."
• I write to thank you ... and the many other members of the Manuscripts Department who made my two five-week research trips to the Southern Historical Collection such a resounding success. Your professionalism and your kindness are unsurpassed. Of the dozen or so historical archives I have visited over the last five years, the SHC is in the first rank--it is the very best. I must confess that I was disappointed when I returned in June to learn that the Card Catalog had been phased out. Much to my surprise, the electronic catalog did not make me miss it one bit. Your collections are so well organized, so easy to use, and so vast that the SHC deserves its international reputation.

Visiting Scholars Grant Program:

This spring, the Department awarded the fourth annual Visiting Scholars Grants (formerly Southern Studies Research Stipends). We were able to grant three $1,000 grants using the Cay, Johnson, and Sitterson endowments, and one $1,200 grant from the Williamson endowment. Relevance to the Library's collections combined with the merits of the topic were the primary selection criteria.

The FY2004/2005 winners were:

• Joel Williamson Visiting Scholar Grant:
  Giselle L. White-Perry, Faculty, Department of Human Services, South Carolina State University
  "Telling the Ultimate Survivor Challenge Story: The Gullah/Geechee Family History and Genealogy Project"
• John Eugene and Barbara Hilton Cay Visiting Scholar Grant:
  Rebecca L. Harrison, PhD candidate, Georgia State University
  "Beatrice Witte Ravenel and the 'Trick Tongue' of Captivity"
• Guion Griffis Johnson Visiting Scholar Grant:
  LeeAnn Whites, Associate Professor, Department of History, University of Missouri-Columbia
  "Civil War Women"
• J. Carlyle Sitterson Visiting Scholar Grant:
  Sarah E. Cornell, PhD Candidate, New York University
  "Americans of Two Souths: A Social and Cultural History of African, African-American, White, and Indigenous US Southerners and Mexico, 1810-1910"

Here are some comments from the 2004 recipients:

• "The Sitterson grant allowed me the opportunity to spend a solid week in the SHC looking through over 25 different collections. I had been to the SHC before over the years, for a day at a time, but never had been able to put in concentrated time, even though the repository held so many collections pertinent to my research. When I came in March 2005, the research I was able to do allowed me to flesh out several different themes in my work. It particularly allowed me to clarify an important theme in a manuscript I was working on that just got accepted by the Journal of Southern History. Without the research I gathered at the SHC on my Sitterson trip, I would not have been able to make as strong an argument, and perhaps would not have gotten my article accepted in so prestigious a journal. The opportunity provided by the Sitterson award was critical to both that article, and my dissertation. I would like to thank the SHC for the opportunity." Judkin Browning, 2004 J. Carlyle Sitterson Visiting Scholar Grant Recipient
• "As you know from our brief conversations while I was at the Southern Historical Collection in May, my research as part of the Joel Williamson Fellowship was very successful. While I had planned to focus primarily on family papers (Bryan-Leventhorpe, Lenoir Family, Greenlee Papers) from collections that document Anglo- and African-American migration from Virginia and the Carolinas into the Alabama territory, I was also very pleased to find important material in other collections. Among these were several collections that dealt with issues of mobility and territory in the period around the Creek War (1813-1815), such as the Thomas Crawford and Andrew McCauley Papers. In addition, I stumbled upon a memoir of Augustin H. Hansell that contained direct reminiscences of life along the Federal Road (the centerpiece of my dissertation). Finally, and perhaps most significantly, the Jesse Franklin Treaty papers provided an unmatched glimpse into the machinations of US and state officials in an effort to acquire land cessions from the four Indian nations of the South. The papers provide direct testimonies from not only white traders and government officials, but from Chickasaw, Choctaw, Cherokee and Creek representatives who began their speeches on which land was whose by starting at the beginning of time. I want to again thank you and your staff for your cheerful assistance during my stay in Chapel Hill. I am already working to incorporate my findings at SHC into my dissertation and hope to also produce a stand-alone piece on the Franklin papers themselves. I look forward to sharing these with you in the future." Angela Pulley Hudson, 2004 Joel Williamson Visiting Scholar Grant Recipient

SELECTED ACTIVITIES

Exhibits:

• Campaigning in the South
  • Manuscripts Department, July-October 2004, curated by Anne H. Skilton.
  • Broadsides, buttons, and bumper stickers are some of the most colorful and ubiquitous expressions of political campaigning. These and other ephemeral items of campaigns won, lost, or derailed by death, bigotry, and presumed softness on communism were on display. Drawn from numerous collections, including the Allard Lowenstein Papers, the Boyd D. Cathey Papers, the Frank Porter Graham Papers, and various nineteenth-century collections, these campaigning accoutrements illustrated over two centuries of campaigning in the American South for local, state, and national political office
• Ferris in Focus: The Work of William R. Ferris
  • Manuscripts Department, November-December 2004, curated by Emily Neely and Steve Weiss.
  • The rich and varied career of folklorist William R. Ferris spans four decades. As a young man in the 1960s, he began documenting African American traditional arts in his home state of Mississippi. In 1969, at the University of Pennsylvania he completed one of the earliest dissertations on Delta blues music. From the 1970s to the late 1990s, Ferris taught at Jackson State University in Mississippi, Yale University, and the University of Mississippi. During this time, he documented the lives and work of southern artists--men and women, black and white--from musicians to basket makers, and from fiction writers to embroiderers. He published numerous articles, books and films, and he helped found the Center for Southern Folklore in Memphis and the Center for the Study of Southern Culture at the University of Mississippi, two of the first regional studies centers in the country. In 1997, President Clinton appointed Ferris to serve as chair of the National Endowment for the Humanities, a position he held until 2001. Ferris is currently on faculty at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and Senior Associate Director of the Center for the Study of the American South. With materials drawn from the Ferris Collection in the Southern Folklife Collection, the exhibit highlighted Ferris's rich and varied career.
• Staff Favorites from the Southern Historical Collection
  • Manuscripts Department, January-March 2005, curated by Devon Lee.
  • Gathered here, to complement the Southern Sources exhibit (see below), were items from the Southern Historical Collection that have a special meaning to the individuals who picked them as their favorites. The materials were as diverse as the members of our staff, and they showed that within our collection, there is a little something for everyone.
• Southern Sources: An Exhibition Celebrating Seventy-Five Years of the Southern Historical Collection
  • Melba Remig Saltarelli Exhibit Room, January-March 2005, curated by John E. White, Laura Clark Brown, Tim West, Linda Sellars, Nancy Kaiser, and Laura Capell.
  • This exhibition showcased a small but marvelous sample of the unique treasures that are safeguarded and made available at the SHC. The exhibition was arranged into twelve thematic areas, representing some of the SHC's research strengths: American Civil War, Business, Civil Rights, Family, Journalism, Labor, Literature, Plantation Era, Politics, Religion, Slavery and War. Additional cases highlighted the collecting career of J. G. de Roulhac Hamilton, the Collection's founding director, and the unparalleled Southern Oral History Program Collection.
• Designing Music: A Century of Music and Graphic Design
  • Manuscripts Department, June-October 2005. Curated by Kelly Kress and Steve Weiss.
  • With materials drawn from the Southern Folklife Collection, the exhibit traces the development of graphic design for music and highlights styles and cover artwork. Featured items include artwork by cartoonist R. Crumb; the Louvin Brothers; and Alex Steinweiss, inventor of the album cover.

Programs and Symposia:

• Wilson Library 75th Anniversary Celebration
• Pleasants Room, 21 October 2004
• University Archivist Janis Holder and North Carolina Collection Gallery Assistant Keeper Linda Jacobson co-chaired the planning committee for the Wilson Library 75th anniversary celebration. The event featured open houses in the Wilson Library special collections, a reception and exhibit opening in the NCC Gallery, and a talk by University Librarian Emeritus Joe A. Hewitt.
• Digital Imaging and Document Management: an Office Technologies Seminar and Exposition
• Friday Center, 27 October 2004
• University Archives and Records Service and the University Library hosted this all-day event. After welcoming remarks by University Librarian Sarah Michalak, UNC-Chapel Hill Chief Information Officer Dan Reed gave the keynote address. The program featured three educational sessions: "Planning and Implementing a Digital Imaging Project" by University Archivist Janis Holder; "NC Public Records Law" by UNC System Associate Vice-President for Legal Affairs Betsy Bunting, and "Case Study of a Successful Digital Imaging Implementation" by UNC-Chapel Hill Purchasing Director Martha Pendergrass. The program and educational sessions were interspersed with opportunities to visit with vendors and view demonstrations of digital imaging products from representatives of Anacomp, Eastman Kodak, EMC2 documentum, Laserfiche, Panasonic, Xerox, and others.
• Bob Carlin with Joe Thompson and the Hillbilly Pals
  • Morehead Lounge, Graham Memorial Hall, 11 November 2004 in the afternoon.
  • The Southern Folklife Collection sponsored a concert by author and old-time banjoist Bob Carlin. The event celebrated the publication of Carlin's new book String Bands in the North Carolina Piedmont and highlighted musicians featured in the work, including African American fiddler Joe Thompson and country group the Hillbilly Pals.
• Ferris in Focus: The Work of William R. Ferris
  • Manuscripts Department and the Friends of the Library hosted an opening of the William R. Ferris Collection, 11 November 2004 in the evening.
  • Opening of the William R. Ferris Collection and an exhibit highlighting the Ferris Collection (see above). Steve Weiss and William R. Ferris made brief remarks. About 120 people attended.
• Southern Sources: An Exhibition Celebrating Seventy-Five Years of the Southern Historical Collection
  • The Manuscripts Department and the Friends of the Library hosted an opening reception on 13 January 2005.
  • University Librarian Sarah Michalak, Chancellor James Moeser, and Tim West, Director of the Southern Historical Collection made brief remarks. Jacquelyn Dowd Hall, Julia Cherry Spruill Professor of History delivered "The 'Ceaseless Quest for Truth:' The Southern Historical Collection and the Making and Remaking of the Southern Past." More than 250 people attended the opening. During the month of March, the Department hosted three afternoon teas and exhibit tours for the University and local community. More than 40 people attended these teas.
• Southern Sources: A Symposium Celebrating Seventy-Five Years of the Southern Historical Collection
  • Pleasants Family Assembly Room, 18-19 March 2005.
  • During seven sessions, a diverse group of the most highly respected historians of the American South reflected on new and traditional uses of archival sources, their own experiences in Southern archives, and the types of documentation that they think scholars will likely find most useful in the decades ahead. The speakers were Edward L. Ayers, Edward E. Baptist, William Blair, Dan T. Carter, John Hope Franklin, Thavolia Glymph, Glenda Gilmore, Steven Hahn, Tera Hunter, Waldo Martin, Steven Stowe, Patricia Sullivan, and Timothy Tyson. Comments by other noted Southern historians and a Q&A opportunity concluded each session. More than 150 attendees had several chances to talk with speakers one-on-one at two receptions and at the North Carolina-style barbeque lunch with the sounds of live southern music by Chapel Hill's Two Dollar Pistols.
• Dynamic Legacies Symposium: Charlie Poole and the Evolution and Transmission of the Southern String Band Tradition
  • Pleasants Family Room, 8 April 2005.
  • Morning sessions sponsored by the student group Music in Context, featured student papers on string band traditions. The discussants were Alan Jabbour, former director of the American Folklife Center at the Library of Congress, and Phil Vandermeer, UNC-Chapel Hill Music Librarian. The afternoon sessions, sponsored by the Southern Folklife Collection, featured a panel discussion on Charlie Poole and the North Carolina Ramblers with Hank Sapoznik and Kinney Rorrer. The event was capped by a concert by the New North Carolina Ramblers.

Publications:

• Southern Sources: An Exhibition Celebrating Seventy-Five Years of the Southern Historical Collection by Laura Capel, Devon Lee, et al. (Chapel Hill University Library, 2005).
• Procedures Manual for the Records Service, by Records Service Coordinator Frank Holt.
• North Carolina University General Records Schedule: Frank Holt and Janis Holder, along with other members of a task force of UNC System archivists and records officers, completed work on the first draft of a new North Carolina University General Records Schedule. The draft schedule is undergoing a final review by other system records officers and attorneys before final approval.

Grant-funded Projects:

• In July 2005, the Department completed Sea Islands to Selma: Preserving Sound Recordings relating to African American History and Culture, a two-year preservation and access grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities.
• In July 2004, the Department and Documenting the American South received funding from LSTA (IMLS) to create a new DocSouth project called True and Candid Compositions: The Lives and Writings of Antebellum Students in North Carolina. The project is based on a monograph written by UNC-Chapel Hill English professor Erika Lindemann wherein she transcribed, edited, and annotated over 100 student letters, speeches, and other writings, 1795-1868 (most of them from the Southern Historical Collection and the University Archives, with a few from the North Carolina Collection). She also wrote essays that provide editorial, historical, and contextual information for understanding the documents. As part of this project, the Department received funding to upgrade all of the finding aids for the collections used by Professor Lindemann. Two graduate research assistants worked from September 2004 through June 2005 on 61 finding aids, many of which presented the challenge of converting paper-only finding aids produced early in the Department's history into modern EAD-encoded documents. The MARC 21 records representing these collections in the University Libraries' online catalog and in OCLC's WorldCat were upgraded at the same time. The revised finding aids are available from the Department's website (http://www.lib.unc.edu/mss/); all of the catalog records are also completed and available. The fully indexed website, complete with essays, transcripts, and digital copies of original documents, will debut early in the next fiscal year (http://docsouth.unc.edu).
• In 2005, the Grammy Foundation awarded the Southern Folklife Collection $37,606 to preserve and provide access to archival recordings related to the Carter Family and the Sons of the Pioneers in the Ed Kahn Collection and the Eugene Earle Collection.
• As the National Historical Publications and Records Commission-funded project "Managing the Digital University Desktop" neared completion, project staff at UNC-Chapel Hill and Duke University developed an on-line tutorial and two Powerpoint workshops. During FY2004/2005, University Archives staff members Janis Holder and Frank Holt contributed significantly to the content and format of these educational tools and wrote a report on the feasibility of implementing an enterprise-wide electronic records management system.
• Another Duke/UNC cooperative NHPRC-funded project, the Electronic Records Research Fellowships Program funded four research projects and held its first symposium 19 November 2004. Executive board members Lynn Holdzkom and Janis Holder participated in related events and mentoring activities with the Fellows during their three-day stay in Chapel Hill. The NHPRC Electronic Records Research Program, housed at SILS and the UNC-Chapel Hill and Duke University libraries, offered non-residential electronic records fellowships to archival professionals wishing to study issues surrounding electronic records. This is a continuation of the program run by the Boston Consortium, 2001-2004.
• In December 2004, the Watson-Brown Foundation, Inc., awarded the Southern Historical Collection a grant of $59,375 to support two projects to improve preservation of and access to Civil War and other 19th-century manuscript collections. The first project created microfilm copies of heavily used Civil War diary and manuscript collections in fragile condition, and updated the corresponding finding aids to meet current descriptive standards. The second project improved intellectual access to under-used 19th-century manuscript collections from Georgia and South Carolina that have high research value by updating their finding aids.

COLLECTION GROWTH

The Southern Historical Collection, General Manuscripts, and the Southern Folklife Collection received 277 new accessions representing about 202,000 items (710 linear feet). University Archives received 53 records transfers representing about 165,600 items (207 linear feet). The Department received a grand total of about 367,600 items (917 linear feet) during FY2004/2005.

Major acquisitions include:

Selected Gifts:

• Sam Barber Papers (#5188): See processed collections below.
• Battle Family Papers (#3223): This major addition to the papers of the Battle family of North Carolina (which included William Horn Battle (1802-1879) of Louisburg, Raleigh, and Chapel Hill, lawyer, legislator, judge of the North Carolina superior and supreme courts, and trustee and professor of law at the University of North Carolina; his son, Kemp Plummer Battle (1831-1919) of Chapel Hill and Raleigh, lawyer, president of the Chatham Railroad, who was active in state affairs during the Civil War, served as state treasurer and as University of North Carolina president, 1876-1891, and professor of history, 1891-1907; and Kemp Plummer Battle's son, William James Battle (1870-1955), University of North Carolina and Harvard student, professor of classics, dean, and acting president, 1893-1917, and professor of classics, 1920-1955, at the University of Texas, and professor of classics, 1917-1920, at the University of Cincinnati) relates chiefly to Kemp Plummer Battle and his wife and children. Professional papers include his notes from the secret sessions of the North Carolina convention of 1861, notes and drafts of articles and speeches, and a few other items. There are also letters from Cornelia Phillips Spencer (1825-1908), whose brother Charles Phillips married Kemp Plummer Battle's aunt.
• Ron Cohen Collection (#20239): The Ron Cohen collection consists of 200 78 rpm records of political folksongs as well interviews, subject files, and correspondence related to Cohen's research on the folk revival movement and Broadside Magazine.
• Cohen Family Papers (#5178): The collection includes materials relating to the Cohen, Tooter (also spelled Tudor), Dimand, and Freedman families, chiefly of Blytheville, Ark.; New London, Conn.; New York, N.Y.; and Minsk and Odessa, Russia. Included are personal and business correspondence, immigration and citizenship papers, military papers, school materials, recipes, phototographs (some of African American sharecroppers and cotton farming), and other items. Family history materials include oral history interviews and transcripts, recorded by Marcie Cohen Ferris, that document emigration of Russian Jews and their adjustment to life in the United States in the 1910s.
• Ralph Epperson/WPAQ Collection (#20401): The WPAQ collection consists of 10,000 78 rpm records as well as 700 open-reel tapes and 200 lacquer discs made or collected by the radio station from the mid-1940s to the late 80s. The collection documents performances by noted old-time and bluegrass musicians including Mac Wiseman, Roy Acuff, Tommy Jarrell, and Benton Flippen as well as live music programming and fiddling conventions.
• Harrison and Smith Family Papers (#5144): See processed collections below.
• Charles Miles Jones Papers (#5168): See processed collections below.
• Rocky Mount Mills Records (#5211): Dating from 1818, Rocky Mount Mills may have been the first cotton mill established in North Carolina and was the oldest one in continuous operation when it closed in 1996. At the end of the War of 1812, a group of farmers decided that the water from the Tar River could support a spinning mill and so construction began in 1816 at the site of a grist mill on a "rocky mound." All of the original machinery was made in North Carolina. The orginal mill was destroyed during the Civil War, rebuilt in 1865, destroyed by fire in 1869, and rebuilt in 1870. The collection includes extensive employee records, correspondence, invoices, check books, account ledgers, cash books, journals, stock books, and tax reports and returns. Office files include stock reports and some wills of stockholders, pension plans, salary information, contracts, deeds, equipment records, and agreements with the town of Rocky Mount. There are papers on the mill's history and permanent record books.
• War Resisters League South Records (#5213): The War Resisters League was organized in 1923 by men and women who had opposed World War I, many of whom had been jailed for refusing military service. The League's southeastern office was maintained in Durham for many years. Among other issues, workers campaigned against military build-ups, various military ventures, and the draft. The collection consists chiefly of materials from the offices of the War Resisters League Southeast, including pamphlets and other publications of the League and other social justice organizations, handouts, event flyers, clippings, meeting minutes, and some correspondence.
• Perry Deane Young Papers (#5169): Perry Deane Young has worked for North Carolina newspapers and international publications, covered the Vietnam War for United Press International, and written several non-fiction books. The papers include correspondence with editors, publishers, friends, and family members; letters, diaries, photographs, and other materials from Young's experiences in the Vietnam War and about Vietnam; and items relating to Young's writings. Included is correspondence with Jim Shumaker, editor of the Chapel Hill Weekly, about Vietnam; Allen Ginsberg in 1982 about a conference; Terry Sanford; Robbie Robertson; Gloria Steinem about gender issues; Reynolds Price; and others.

Selected Purchases:

• Samuel A. Ashe Papers (#5193): There was an addition to the papers of Samuel A'Court Ashe (1840-1938), Confederate soldier, lawyer, historian, Democratic Party politician, and editor, who grew up near Wilmington, N.C, and spent much of his life in Raleigh. He served with the Confederate Army throughout the Civil War, rising to the rank of captain. He wrote about North Carolina history, the Civil War, and the post-war South. The collection consists of correspondence, writings, and printed materials relating to the Civil War, politics, Ashe's writings, and other matters. Included are letters from North Carolina governors Thomas M. Holt, Angus W. McLean, and John C. B. Ehringhaus; from United States senators A. S. Merrimon and Furnifold M. Simmons; publisher Charles L. Van Noppen; J. I. McRee of the Richmond Dispatch, writer John Battle, journalist and historian David Rankin Barbee; Alex McBee; and historian and archivist R. D. W. Connor.
• Jane Fraser Papers (#5187): Jane Fraser (b. 1786), native of Charleston, S.C., spent most of her life in France with her sister and other relatives. The collection contains four handwritten volumes of unpublished literature by Fraser: two volumes entitled "Aunt Jane's American Tales and Sketches," (dated 7 September 1862, although likely written in the late 1830s or early 1840s) containomg 14 stories probably intended to serve as a reminder to her sister's children of their American origins; "Celestine, a Tale of the Eighteenth Century," a novel set during the French Revolution (dated 20 December 1862, although Fraser claimed to have written it in 1802, when she was 16 years old) about a French woman imprisoned by revolutionaries who escapes to England to search for her son; and "Letters Between Julia and Lucy," a novel in the form correspondence that may reflect Jane Fraser's own memories of her southern upbringing and her opinions on the state of southern society at the time.
• Willie B. W. Heartsill Papers (#5205): Wllie Heartsill is possibly the same man as (or at least related to) W. W. Heartsill who wrote Fourteen Hundred and 91 Days in the Confederate Army, a rare copy of which is held by the Rare Book Collection. Willie Heartsill served in the Tennessee 2nd Calvary Regiment commanded by Colonel Henry M. Ashby, which was formed in May 1862 and saw action at Cumberland Gap, Murfreesboro, Chickamauga, Atlanta, and the Carolinas. The collection includes an unpublished autograph manuscript from about 1880 in which Heartsill discussed his life in Tennessee and North Carolina during the Civil War and his involvement with Jo J. Cox, whom he terms the "Confederate Desperado." Included is a description of Thomas H. Osborne's scout company, know as "Osborne's Scouts" and later "Jenkins' Scouts" (no official roster exists for this company) with a description of Osborne's death, a list of the names of men who served in the unit, and other information. Heartsill's story concludes at the end of the war, when he and his fellow scouts were paroled in Washington, Ga.
• William James Payne Papers (#5208): William James Payne owned Pleasant View plantation in Fluvanna County, Va. He married Elizabeth Virginia Jones on 28 February 1854; the couple seems to have had few children who survived past childhood. The collection consists of a 140-page plantation ledger, compiled by Payne at Pleasant View, 1857-1861. The volume documents the running of the plantation and includes detailed records of buying and selling slaves, lists of the work each slave did each day, and other information.

Selected Deposits (Loans):

• Taylor Branch Collection (#5047): There was a large addition to the collection of Taylor Branch, journalist and historian best known for his books chronicling the career of Martin Luther King, Jr., and the civil rights movement of the 1960s. The collection includes oral history interviews that Branch conducted during his research for his civil rights writings with Harry Wachtel, Ralph Abernathy, John Doar, James Bevel, Diane Nash, James Farmer, Burke Marshall, Louis Martin, Kwame Toure (Stokely Carmichael), Michael Harrington, Wyatt Tee Walker, S. K. De, Bayard Rustin, Vernon Dobson, Bob Moses, Harry Belafonte, Joan Baez, Septima Clark, Marion Cheek, E. D. Nixon, John Lewis, Joseph Rauh, Rutha Mae Harris, Meree Harris, Timothy Jenkins, C. B. King, Charles Jones, Wyatt Walker, Charles Sherrod, Clarence Jones, Bernard Lee, the Reverend S. B. Wells, Sheriff Nichols, John Bevel, William Sloane Coffin, Alex Haley, Bernice Johnson Reagon, Robert McNamara, Sargent Shriver, and others.
• Eli Evans Papers (#5210): Eli Evans, who graduated from Carolina in 1958 and Yale Law School in 1963, chairs the advisory board for the Carolina Center for Jewish Studies, established in 2003. A Durham native, Evans was a speechwriter for President Lyndon B. Johnson and directed former North Carolina Governor Terry Sanford's "Study of American States." Evans joined the Carnegie Corporation in 1968. In 1978, he became the first president of the Revson Foundation, where he oversaw grants totaling more than $147 million to Jewish causes, urban affairs, education, and biomedical research. He retired in 2003 after 25 years at the foundation. Evans's publications include The Provincials: A Personal History of Jews in the South, widely considered a classic after 30 years in print; Judah P. Benjamin: The Jewish Confederate, a biography of the Confederacy's Secretary of State; and The Lonely Days Were Sundays: Reflections of a Jewish Southerner, a collection of essays. The collection consists correspondence, manuscripts of completed works and works in progress, personal files, clippings, scrapbooks, materials from speaking engagements, and other items relating to the Revson Foundation and other professional endeavors, other writers, the North Carolina Task Force on Public Telecommunication, the North Carolina Center for the Arts, Jewish education, his family, and other of his interests and activities.
• Penn School Papers (#3615): There was a large addition to the Penn School Papers on Saint Helena Island, S.C., founded during the Civil War by northern philanthropists and missionaries for former plantation slaves in an area occupied by the United States Army. Over the years, with continuing philanthropic support, it served as school, health agency, and cooperative society for rural African Americans of the Sea Islands. The school became Penn Community Services in 1950 and the Penn Center, Inc. in the 1980s. The original deposit includes papers, 1900-1964, mainly from the Penn School. The addition contains materials, 1955-1978, chiefly relating to Penn Community Services and the Penn Center, Inc.
• Anne Queen Papers (#5214): Anne Queen came to the University of North Carolina in 1956 as assistant director of the Campus Y, a position she held until 1966. She was director of the Y from 1966 to 1975. During her tenure, the University was integrated, the Speaker Ban Law was enacted and challenged, and Vietnam War protests erupted. She received the William R. Davie Award in 1984, recognizing extraordinary service to the University, and an honorary doctorate in 1992. The Anne Queen Endowment helps supports Campus Y programs. The papers include professional correspondence and other materials from Queen's years at UNC. There are address lists, notes, budgets, expense lists, publications relating to organizations and laws, and many newspaper clippings. Some personal correspondence is also included.

Selected University Archives (Transfers):

• UNC System Vice President for Academic Affairs (28.5 linear feet)
• University of North Carolina Press (25.5 linear feet)
• Department of Radio, Television, and Motion Pictures (about 320 audiotapes and 440 discs)
• Department of Athletics game day packets (3 linear feet)
• Campus Y (15 linear feet)
• WUNC Radio (36 linear feet)
• Dialectic and Philanthropic Societies Foundation (10.5 linear feet)

COLLECTION ACCESS

During FY2004/2005, we processed 163 collections and/or additions to existing collections representing about 925 linear feet (about 439,300 items) for the Southern Historical Collection and the Southern Folklife Collection, including those in the William R. Ferris Collection (about 118,000 items; about 300 linear feet). University Archives processed about 130 linear feet of new groups and/or additions to existing groups. Also during the past year, we converted from EAD (Encoded Archival Description) Version 1.0 to EAD Version 2002. This conversion was carried out as part of our ongoing cooperation with Duke, North Carolina State, East Carolina University, the North Carolina State Archives, and other institutions that work together under NC EAD, which coordinates EAD implementation throughout the state as part of NC ECHO.

During FY2004/2005, 27 records retention and disposition schedules were approved, with activity on an additional 34 schedules pending approval. As of the end of FY 2004/2005, there are a total of 639 records management liaisons and 547 approved records schedules for the campus. Also this year, University Archives audio-visual materials were renumbered, and University Archives photographs were removed from record groups and renumbered to conform with procedures used by the Southern Historical Collection.

Records management got a jumpstart on scheduling with the addition of a 20 hour/week research assistant, Anuj Sharma, in the Records Service. Frank Holt and Anuj have tackled the backlog of schedules in progress, as well as targeting the Athletics Department, with the result that more than 200 schedules have been reviewed and an attempt made with the departments to either renew and complete the scheduling process or to close them out as inactive if the departments fail to respond or indicate that records scheduling is not a priority. This will allow the Records Service to move forward with completing the scheduling process with interested departments and to focus on some of the major schools and departments that have not been previously scheduled.

Cataloging of audio recordings in the Southern Folklife Collection also continued. School of Information and Library Science graduate students, working as research assistants or interns, and graduate students from other disciplines have done most of this work. These catalog records have been produced through both copy and original cataloging. In FY2004/2005, students created 1,046 MARC 21 records, with 13,827 records done since the project started in FY1999/2000.

Notable collections processed included:

From the Southern Historical Collection:

• Sam Barber Papers (#5188): For many years, music educator Sam Barber collected materials about the Wings Over Jordan Choir, the first full-time African-American choir in the United States. The choir was founded in 1938 by the Reverend Glenn T. Settle and performed weekly, 1938-1947, on WGAR, a CBS affiliate radio station in Cleveland, Ohio, and on other CBS affliate stations across the country. The collection consists of Barber's research materials, including general files, photographs, slides, recorded interviews on audio cassette and video, and original recordings of the choir on instantaneous discs.
• James A. Felton and Annie Vaughan Felton Papers (#5161): James A. Felton (1919-1994) was an author, teacher, counselor, and civic leader in Hertford County, N.C. In the 1960s, he was a founder of the People's Program on Poverty, an African American organization created to study and fight poverty on the grass-roots level in northeastern North Carolina. In 1947, Felton married Annie Vaughan. The collection contains correspondence and other items documenting James A. Felton's civic contributions. Also included is a short biography of Annie Vaughan Felton.
• Harrison and Smith Family Papers (#5144): The Harrison and Smith family of Virginia, Maryland, and North Carolina papers, 1857-1896, include family letters on business and personal subjects; tax-in-kind receipts from the Confederate government; receipts for the rental and sale of slaves; diaries; metal plates, circa 1857, engraved with scenes of both actual and planned Washington, D.C., landmarks; and other items.
• Charles Miles Jones Papers (#5168): Charles Miles Jones (1906-1993), Christian minister and social justice activist, spent the majority of his ecclesiastical career in Chapel Hill, N.C., at the head of the Chapel Hill Presbyterian Church and then as the first minister of the Community Church. The collection includes correspondence, church documents and publications, clippings, and other items reflecting Jones's ministry and concern for civil rights. Materials generally focus on his public rather than personal life with a special emphasis on the 1952-1953 investigation of his Chapel Hill Presbyterian Church ministry.
• Kirkman Family Papers (#4832): The Kirkman family was chiefly centered in High Point, N.C., where O. Arthur Kirkman (1900-1985) was a railroad executive. He served in North Carolina general assembly, 1949-1953. His wife, Katharine Morgan Kirkman (1910-1985), was a city councilwoman in High Point, N.C., 1951-1959, and was on the Guilford County Board of Education, 1963-1976. The collection consists of about 62 linear feet of correspondence, business records, financial and legal papers, photographs, and other materials related to O. Arthur Kirkman, Katharine Morgan Kirkman, and their family.
• Maurice Kurtz Papers (#5159): Maurice Kurtz (1913- ) was a United States Army officer in Europe during World War II. The collection includes a scrapbook, an interview, and papers documenting his service, 1943-1946. The scrapbook includes photographs from various locations in the United States, France, and Germany, as well as newspaper clippings describing major events in World War II and personal artifacts. There is an interview with Maurice Kurtz describing items in the scrapbook. Papers include a series of letters written by Maurice Kurtz to Laya Kurtz from 1 January 1945 to 28 December 1945 and other items.
• William Edward Leuchtenburg Papers (#5124): William Edward Leuchtenburg (1922- ) is a historian whose primary scholarly focus has been the presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt and the continuing influence of Roosevelt's New Deal programs on the United States. Leuchtenburg had long teaching careers at both Columbia University and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Papers consists primarily of Leuchtenburg's professional correspondence with other historians and former students at Columbia and UNC-Chapel Hill and with historical and other organizations and publications. Some personal letters are included.
• MacRae Family Papers (#5071): The MacRae family was centered in North Carolina and Maryland. Papers, 1820-2004, include correspondence, genealogical information, school and professional materials, travel files, writings, estate materials, clippings, photographs, and other papers relating to a wide variety of business and family topics.
• Richardson Preyer Papers (#5111): Lunsford Richardson Preyer (1919-2001) was a lawyer, judge, politician, educator, and civic and philanthropic leader from Greensboro, N.C. The collection documents his public and private life and also that of his his wife, Emily Harris Preyer (1919-1999), their children, and other Preyer and Richardson family members. Most political material pertains to Richardson Preyer's six-terms in Congress representing the sixth district of North Carolina, including his service on the Select Committee on Assassinations. Also documented are the Preyers' extensive civic and philanthropic work for education, the environment, health care, legal affairs, politics, social uplift, and the First Presbyterian Church. Emily Harris Preyer papers include speeches and other materials that document her roles as civic leader in her own right and supportive wife of a politician.
• Richard James Rendleman Papers (#5167): Richard James Rendleman (1920-2002) of Salisbury, N.C., served as a lieutenant in the United States Navy during World War II. After the war, he returned to Salisbury, where he worked in the chemical field and became a well-known businessman. The collection includes correspondence, official United States Navy documents, and photographs, 1921-1969, with the bulk dating 1943-1946. Letters deal with the Port Chicago explosion and its aftermath, as well as Rendleman's daily life during his service in Guam; Honolulu, Hawaii; and Okinawa, Japan.

From the Southern Folklife Collection:

• Association for the Preservation of the Eno River Valley Collection (#20329): The Association for the Preservation of the Eno River Valley is a non-profit conservation organization whose mission is to conserve and protect the natural, cultural, and historic resources of North Carolina's Eno River basin. The collection includes interviews, concert recordings, and other items relating to the organization.
• Bob Carlin Collection (#20050): Musician, music producer, author, and collector Bob Carlin has authored several books on southern music traditions, African American music, string bands, shape note singing, Primitive Baptist music, banjo music, and other topics, many having to do with the western Piedmont of North Carolina. He has also produced many recordings, including African American Note Choirs of Alexander County, North Carolina (2002). The collection includes sound recordings, research files, photographs, and other materials relating to Carlin's work.
• Ron Liberti Collection (#20398): Ron Liberti moved in 1991 to Chapel Hill, N.C., where he participated in the local music scene as a musician; head of a record label; and a poster artist, working chiefly with screen printing. The collection contains posters and audio recordings that document Liberti's involvement in the Chapel Hill, N.C., independent music scene.
• William R. Ferris Collection (#20367): William R. Ferris is an author, folklorist, filmmaker, professor, photographer, administrator, and scholar chiefly working in the areas of African American and southern culture. Among his many published works is the Encyclopedia of Southern Culture, which he co-edited with Charles Reagan Wilson. The collection consists of papers, photographs, slides, sound recordings, videotapes, films, and other materials documenting Ferris's life and work. Professional papers relate to his teaching career at Jackson State University, Yale University, the University of Mississippi, and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and to his activities at the Center for Southern Folklore, the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, the Center for the Study of Southern Culture, the Center for the Study of the American South, and as chair of the National Endowment for the Humanities. Personal papers include student materials, family correspondence, and other papers from the 1940s to 2002. Papers, images, and recordings document life in Mississippi and the Mississippi Delta; folk, blues, gospel, fife and drum corps music, and other musical types; folk and music festivals; folk arts, culture, and humor; Highway 61; the Ku Klux Klan; prisons, especially Parchman Farm (Mississippi State Penitentiary); auctioneers; and other topics. Films and videotapes include footage of Ferris's documentaries. Individuals important in the collection include writers, artists, musicians, political figures, and others.

From University Archives:

• New groups:
• Department of Music Records (#40235) (4 linear feet and 881 audiotapes): Representing the first significant transfer of records from this department, this record group covers the years 1950-1983 and consists primarily of sound recordings and documentation of the department's concerts and recitals.
• Order of Gimghoul Records (#40262) (6 linear feet, including 185 photographs and 68 photographic negatives): The records of this secret student society date from the 1800s and contain official documents and minutes, numerous photographs, and museum items (which have been physically stored in the North Carolina Collection Gallery). Records 50 years old and older are open for research.
• Summer Reading Program Records (#40273) (12.5 linear feet): Implemented at the University in 1999, the Summer Reading Program provides an opportunity each year for incoming freshmen to read and discuss a provocative book. The selection for Summer 2002, Approaching the Qu'ran: The Early Revelations by Michael Sells, was particularly controversial.

• Large additions:
• Office of Chancellor: Paul Hardin Records (#40025) (15.25 linear feet)
• Office of the Provost Records (#40039) (25 linear feet)
• General Faculty and Faculty Council Records (#40106) (22.5 linear feet)
• Office of the Registrar Records (#40131) (15 linear feet)

• Small additions (less than a box):
• Office of Chancellor: Nelson Ferebee Taylor Records (#40023)
• Office of Chancellor: Christopher C. Fordham Records (#40024)
• Manuscripts Department Records (#40052)

PRESERVATION

We continue to add microfilm both from user requests and from special projects (see Watson-Brown Project above). When a user wishes to copy all or a large portion of a collection, the Department evaluates the materials to determine whether or not past and potential research interest points to microfilming as a way to protect high-use originals. If the materials are or may be heavily used, the user request is filled by making a microfilm copy paid for by the Department. The materials are then available on microfilm onsite and through interlibrary lending. In FY2004/2005, about 10 collections were added to the Department's microfilm collection (with copies available in Davis Library Microforms) in response to user request. Some Watson-Brown Project microfilm was produced in FY2004/2005, but it has not yet been officially added to the Department's holdings.

Thanks to continued support from the Randleigh Foundation, we were again able to hire a student assistant to work on Department materials under the direction of the Library's conservator, Jan Paris. The student performed item-level conservation work on about 1,100 items from the Department's collections. The student also assisted in preparing materials for Southern Sources: An Exhibition Celebrating Seventy-Five Years of the Southern Historical Collection. Materials from the following collections were treated: Edward Porter Alexander; Alfonso Calhoun Avery; Avery Family of North Carolina; William B. Baker; Buchanan and McClellan Family; Marion Butler; Todd Robinson Caldwell; Cameron Family; Lenoir Chambers; Cohen Family; Confederate States of America Army, 21st North Carolina Infantry Regiment; Moses Ashley Curtis; Fanning and McCulloch Family; Susan Fisher; Globe Church; Joseph Goldberger; Paul Green; Margaret Ann Meta Morris Grimball; Jane Gurley; Ernest Haywood; George Moses Horton; Allen Jones; Kemp Plummer Lewis; Samuel Henry Lockett; Henry Mauger London; Lawrence Foushee London; Allard K. Lowenstein; Washington J. Lutterloh; Duncan Malloy; Minis Family; Phillips and Myers Family; Pope Family; Daniel Augustus Powell; Quitman Family; W. D. Robinson; Mary Margaret Salm; Betty Smith; general materials from the Southern Folklife Collection; John K. Street; Tom Watson; Webb Family; White Rock Baptist Church; Tom Wicker; Henry Horace Williams; William Henry Wills; and the Wyche and Otey Family.

Audio preservation engineer John Loy and research assistants Andy Flory and Travis Stimeling did a substantial amount of archival media preservation work during FY2004/2005. The Department created audio preservation masters for over 1,000 source recordings. Audio media preserved included recordings from the the Penn School Papers, the Taylor Branch Collection, and the Sons of the Pioneers radio transcriptions.

University Archives began a preservation photocopying/refoldering project in the Records of the Office of the President of the University of North Carolina (System): Frank Porter Graham Files (#40007). Many of these records are on poor-quality, brittle paper that has begun to deteriorate badly, and they are not in acid-neutral folders. Student assistant Megan Mikus selected, photocopied, and refoldered records from 14 boxes in this record group during FY2004/2005. The project will continue in FY2005/2006.

STAFF

John White, our Reference Assistant, retired early in 2005. John had been on the staff for over twenty years, and his knowledge of the collection, myriad skills, and good humor will be missed.