The earliest of the papers deal with land transactions in Goochland and Albemarle Counties, Va., and the names appearing therein also appear occasionally in later family papers.

The first important family is that of John Wilcox, mariner, of Urbanna, Middlesex County, Va., who was captured by the French in 1756 and imprisoned at Bayonne Castle. Richard Eppes also appears in the early papers, as do William Hubard and John Thruston, both of Gloucester County, William East, Sr., of Charlotte County, and Robert Bolling, all of whom were progenitors or closely connected to members of the Hubard family.

Among the items in this period are:

1741-55: Patents to Charles Lewis, William Cabell, and Charles Lavender, signed by James Blair and William Gooch; also money transactions between John Wilcox and Robert Rose.

1756-60: Papers and letters dealing with the capture of John Wilcox, correspondence with his shippers, Sydenham & Hodgson, London, about his imprisonment, business affairs, release, and return to Virginia, where he died, 3 March 1760. His son, Edmund Wilcox, then took up the correspondence with the London firm, apparently arranging to have a ship that was brought over by his father returned to England, filled chiefly with tobacco. There are also papers about the estate of John Wilcox.

1765: The appointment of Edmund Wilcox, first mentioned as being of King and Queen County, Va., as clerk of the county of Amherst, followed, through some twenty years, with papers referring to his duties in that office, including accounts with William Loving and Zachariah Taliaferro, deputy and sheriff of Amherst County.

1765: Dated December, the will of John Thruston (d. 1766), of Gloucester County.

1766: The will of William East, Sr., of Charlotte County. Bills of medicines to Dr. Edmund Wilcox, followed, for a number of years, with letters, bills, and notes which referred to his practice of medicine.

1769: November and December, correspondence of Fielding Lewis with Edmund Wilcox, with reference to some sort of tobacco engine.

1770: 5 March, indenture of James Crawford, eight-year-old orphan, to a shoemaker, by the church wardens of Amherst. There is a paper, dated 24 April 1770, signed by Marianna Stampes, in which she agreed to bind herself in payment for ship passage from Scotland to Virginia; there is also a letter from her, dated October 1771, in which she asked for Edmund Wilcox's help in getting her freed; there is also another letter from her to him, undated, in which she asked to be taken into his household.

Other correspondents and persons mentioned in this period are: James Blair, Robert Bolling (1738-1775), Thomas Carter, Francis Christian, Richard Corbin, George Gilmer, William Loving, Thomas Nelson, Philip Rootes, and George Seaton.

In this period there appear, in larger numbers, the papers of William Hubard (d. 1805), first at Gloucester County, where some members of his family remained, then at Charlotte County, Va.. These papers include a number concerning business transactions with John Thruston, also at Gloucester County, whose daughter, Frances Thruston Hubard (1752-1781) married William Hubard in 1768. William Hubard served in the state militia, attaining the position of major (circa 1778).

Papers for this period also include, beginning 1778, accounts and other papers of Susannah Watson, who first married Robert Bolling, at Chellow (also spelled "Chellowe"), Buckingham County, Va., and, second, Edmund Wilcox.

There are a few papers dealing with the Revolutionary War, military and miscellaneous affairs, among which are the following:

1776: The will, dated 22 March 1776, of Joseph Montford of Halifax, N.C. There is a letter, dated 6 April 1776, from William Cabell to Edmund Wilcox to the effect that he, Wilcox, had attended Colonel Corbin on board Lord Dunmore's ship, with permission of the Committee of Safety; also referring to ministerial troops at Boston and to General Washington.

1777: A certificate, dated August 1777, from William Cabell saying that Edmund Wilcox had taken the oath of allegiance, according to an act passed by the state of Virginia, for "free males above a certain age."

1778: A note, dated 26 June 1778, giving William Hubard's decision that he had "long since determined not to practice Physics again on any consideration."

1779: There are general orders, dated 8 January 1779, at headquarters, Purysburg (S.C.?), about a court martial; also directions for the officer of the day. Dated 10 February 1779, there is a paper from John Jordan, a second lieutenant in the 2nd Virginia Regiment, in which he stated that he had been wounded at Fredericksburg, Va., and asked for payment for Dr. Edmund Wilcox for curing his wound. There is a letter, dated 27 February 1779, from Edmund Wilcox to Zachariah Taliaferro, about a possible duel with Colonel Cabell; Wilcox asked Taliaferro to advise him, and to accompany him, if necessary. There are miscellaneous reports and soldier lists; mention of clothing boats in the James River; and procurement, on the quiet, of articles for Dr. Wilcox.

1780: There is a receipt, dated 24 August 1780, for furnishing a substitute soldier.

1781: There is an order, dated 27 August 1781, from Brigadier General Peter Muhlenberg, allowing Edmund Wilcox to move the slaves and effects of Governor Nelson, and those of Wilcox's sister, Mrs. Rootes, without impressment of horses and wagons. There are also notes about recruiting soldiers and similar matters.

1782: There is a letter, dated 9 November 1782, from Thomas Nelson to Edmund Wilcox, about selling slaves belonging to Nelson and to Colonel Rootes's family.

1784: There is the will, dated 27 April 1784, of James Hubard.

There are also papers in this period relating to the Nelsons, Cabells, Thrustons, Bollings, Rootes, Braxtons, and Penns.

The last signature of Edmund Wilcox, found in these papers, was on a paper dated May 1785; shortly thereafter are papers dealing with his estate with Susannah Watson Bolling Wilcox as executrix. More Hubard papers are found in this period, particularly those of James Thruston Hubard, son of William Hubard, who married Susannah Wilcox, daughter of Edmund Wilcox and Susannah Watson Bolling Wilcox, circa 1805. (For more Edmund Wilcox papers, see undated subseries 1.14.1.)

James Thruston Hubard carried on correspondence about his plans for studying medicine and his life at the Pennsylvania Medical School at Philadelphia in 1796 and 1797, under doctors Benjamin Rush, James Woodhouse, Benjamin Barton Smith, and others. There are a number of papers dealing with his practice of medicine at Petersburg, Va., 1799-1806. After he had purchased a house in Richmond, James Thruston Hubard apparently returned to Buckingham County to practice medicine, living at Saratoga Plantation.

Among many other papers in this period are:

1787: The appointment, dated 28 June 1787 and signed by Beverly Randolph, of William Hubard as county lieutenant of Charlotte County; papers of estate of Samuel Pryor; papers dealing with Susannah Watson Bolling Wilcox's affairs and Edmund Wilcox's estate. Also around this time is a claim made by William Hubard against the executor of John Thruston's estate, at Gloucester County, Va., for property bequeathed to Hubard's wife, Frances Thruston Hubard, who had married William Hubard in 1768.

1790: There is the settlement of a 1784 account of Francis Davenport to William Hubard for "boarding and schooling" his daughters Margaret (Peggie) and Sallie, the latter afterwards married to William M. Burwell of Gloucester County. Later in this period there are letters from these sisters to their brother, James Thruston Hubard.

1790: There is a letter, dated 16 November 1790, from Edmund Ruffin at Coggin's Point, to Francis Eppes, at Bermuda Hundred, Va., about selling 20 slaves to take care of a debt.

1793: There is a letter, dated 16 January 1793, from Thomas Jefferson at Philadelphia to Francis Eppes, about prospects for foreign demand for wheat.

1799: James Thruston Hubard, practicing medicine in Petersburg, Va., wrote on 25 January 1799 to his father William Hubard about his life in Petersburg. There is also an appointment, dated August 1799, of Dr. Hubard as the health officer of his ward.

1800: There is a table of charges, dated 29 April 1800, adopted by physicians at Petersburg.

1801: There is the will of John Hurt, dated 25 September 1801. There is a printed Christmas poem, dated 25 December 1801, sent as greeting from the newsboys of the Petersburg Intelligencer.

1805: There is the marriage settlement of Susannah Wilcox and James Thruston Hubard, with Susannah Watson Bolling Wilcox and trustees Thomas West and Samuel Allen. Following this, there are papers dealing with the settlement of Edmund Wilcox's estate. There is also correspondence between James Thruston Hubard, Susannah Watson Bolling Wilcox, and Lenaeus Bolling of Whispering. Dr. Hubard had instituted a suit to take over his wife's inheritance. There was mention, about this time, a John Miller, apparently living at Chellow, whom some members of the younger generation referred to as "Uncle."

Dr. James Thruston Hubard figures prominently in the papers of this period, there being bills, duns, personal letters, material concerning his farm affairs and practice of medicine, and a number of items dealing with the law suit against his mother-in-law Susannah Watson Bolling Wilcox about his wife's inheritance, which suit, apparently, was finally decided against him. There are several letters to him from his sister Margaret Hubard, who also wrote to his wife Susannah Wilcox Hubard. James Thruston Hubard died in 1812, and there are papers relating to the settlement of his estate and his family. Susannah Watson Bolling Wilcox also died about 1812.

After the death of Dr. Hubard, the papers show that his family, owing to his debts and the failure of his wife to inherit, were in dire straights and in danger of being put out of their home. There was much correspondence between Susannah Wilcox Hubard and her half brother, Lenaeus Bolling, showing his efforts to help her. As things turned out, she apparently was able to continue living at Saratoga and to send her children to school.

Papers relating to the Eppes family include those about the settlement of the estate of Francis Eppes of Eppington, whose son, John Wayles Eppes (1773-1823), U.S. representative and senator, married first, Maria Jefferson, daughter of Thomas Jefferson, and, second, Martha Burke Jones, daughter of Willie Jones, of Halifax County, N.C. John Wayles Eppes and his family lived at Mill Brook, Buckingham County, Va. There are also letters written by the wife and daughters of Francis Eppes, Louisa Eppes Thweatt, Sally Eppes Lane, Lucy Eppes Thweatt, Matilda Eppes Field Spooner, and of Jerman Baker, who married another daughter, Martha Bolling Eppes Baker. Richard Thweatt eventually purchased Eppington.

There are papers referring to Caira Mills, a grist mill. Caira (or Ca Ira) apparently wasa shipping point used by the Hubard family.

Among other papers of the period are:

1811: There is a letter, dated 6 September 1811, from Thomas Jefferson at Monticello, to his grandson, Francis Eppes, at Mill Brook, Va. There is a personal note, dated 31 December 1811, from Margaret Hubard to her brother, James Thruston Hubard, about a fire in a Richmond theatre.

1812: There are accounts in settlement of the estates of James Thruston Hubard and Sussanah Watson Bolling Wilcox. There are letters from Lenaeus Bolling to his sister Susannah Wilcox Hubard, in which he tried to help with her financial difficulties.

1813: There are letters to Susannah Wilcox Hubard, from Nathan Wells, apparently her overseer, about farm affairs. He mentioned having hemp spun and woven, and bills for weaving. There are additional papers concerning James Thruston Hubard's estate.

1815: There are letters, dated 21 March 1815, to Susannah Wilcox Hubard, one from her niece Mary and another from Pocahontas Bolling Cabell at Mt. Athos, mentioning her brother's being called to the army, a Methodist conference, her father, and home in Kentucky. There is another letter, dated 9 October 1815, in which Pocahontas described her journey home from Saratoga, rats attacking her in a tavern, stage horses attempting a runaway, and family news. In a letter, dated 23 December 1815, Pocahontas at Lynchburg, Va., described that place and some of the women there. She also mentioned a visit by General Andrew Jackson, accompanied by Thomas Jefferson.

1816: There is a letter, dated 28 July 1816, from Francis Eppes at New London, Va., apparently at school, to his stepmother, Martha Burke Jones Eppes, at Mill Brook, Va., about personal and family matters.

1817: There are licenses, dated September and October 1817, to William Acres, Buckingham County, to operate a still.

Around 1818, Susan Wilcox Hubard married John W. Maury, and, by means of an indenture dated 29 October, placed property in the hands of Lenaeus Bolling and William M. Thornton, to be handled for the benefit of her three children, Edmund Wilcox Hubard, Robert Thruston Hubard, and Louisiana Hubard. There are a number of letters and other papers concerning this transaction and management of the trust, including those from Charles C. Patteson, "agent for the trustees for James Thruston Hubard's children." The property in question apparently consisted of the Saratoga and Buffaloe plantations, land in Nelson County, Va., and a number of slaves and other property. From 1824 to 1826, Edmund Wilcox Hubard, away at college, and his brother, Robert Thruston Hubard, at home at Saratoga, had correspondence about the debts of their step-father, John W. Maury, apparently then living in Nelson County, his wife being back at home at Saratoga. Also, dated 1826, there are letters and papers about the question of the rights of Maury and his family to property involved in the marriage settlement. There are also papers of Charles C. Patteson showing dealings with John W. Maury about the latter's debts, and about land.

There are also many letters between members of the Eppes family, the sisters and their husbands, and Martha Burke Jones Eppes, wife of John Wayles Eppes (d. 1823). These letters refer to personal and family affairs, settlement of the estates of their parents, and related matters. Archibald Thweatt purchased Eppington, the home of Francis Eppes in Chesterfield County, Va. In one letter, he also referred to holding Bermuda Hundred, Va.

Edmund Wilcox Hubard began attendance at Hampden-Sydney College in 1824; in 1825, he entered the University of Virginia. There are a number of letters, chiefly to his brother Robert Thruston Hubard, describing both places in detail. There are also letters to the brothers from their sister Louisiana Hubard, but very few from their mother, Susannah Wilcox Hubard Maury, although she is often referred to in her children's letters.

Philip Bolling, son of Lenaeus Bolling, attended Hampden-Sydney College and the University of Virginia with Edmund Wilcox Hubard, and he figured prominently in the correspondence connected with those colleges.

There is some correspondence from the Grove, Halifax County, N.C., with Martha Burke Jones Eppes, about her slaves there, mentioning the other owners, and some letters, 1826, about the death of her mother, Mary Montford Jones. There is also a good deal of correspondence between Archibald Thweatt and Jerman Baker, husbands of two of the Eppes sisters, about property belonging to the sisters. The affairs were apparently settled out of court, but there is correspondence about the involvement of Martha Burke Jones Eppes in a settlement.

In this period, there are letters, chiefly to Martha Burke Jones Eppes from John C. Page, evidently a close family friend, about the management of her affairs, including a discussion of financial arrangements between them, and his doubts about being able to continue in such service. There was evidently close contact between the two families, and, in 1824, Page wrote Susannah Wilcox Hubard Maury, asking for payment of her share in a teacher apparently employed jointly for the Hubard and Eppes (and perhaps other) children.

In 1827, Robert Thruston Hubard went off to attend Hampden-Sydney College, referring to the "new college," and wrote letters home to his mother, and to his brother, Edmund Wilcox Hubard, apparently at that time a captain in the state militia. Willie J. Eppes, son of John Wayles Eppes and Martha Burke Jones Eppes, attended college with Robert Thruston Hubard and is often mentioned in the latter's letters.

Among other papers in this period are:

1823: The will of John Wayles Eppes, proved 13 October 1823, designating Martha Burke Jones Eppes executrix.

1824: A letter, dated 13 December 1824, from Robert Thruston Hubard to his brother, Edmund Wilcox Hubard, at Hampden-Sydney, telling of death of "Aunt [Mary Markham] Bolling."

1825: There is a letter, dated 4 August 1825, from Louisiana Hubard at Saratoga, to her brother, Edmund Wilcox Hubard, at the University of Virginia, in which she mentioned neighborhood news, including plans for a large Methodist camp meeting, and the fact that M. Eppes would be there. There is a letter, dated 11 August 1825, that Joseph B. Littlejohn, husband of Ann Maria Jones Littlejohn, at Rocky Mount, N.C., wrote to his sister-in-law, Martha Burke Jones Eppes at Mill Brook, about the death of her mother. In a letter, dated 19 August 1825, Robert Thruston Hubard described Salt and Sweet Springs, Va.

1826: There is a letter, dated 14 May 1826, from H. G. Montfort, at the Grove, Halifax County, N.C., to Martha Burke Jones Eppes, with an enclosed valuation of slaves in North Carolina, divided in lots among the following persons: Willie W. Jones, Hutchins G. Burton, Joseph B. Littlejohn, Robert A. Jones, and Martha Burke Jones Eppes. Letters from Edmund Wilcox Hubard, at the University of Virginia, describe life there; he mentioned building construction at the University, a circus attended by Thomas Jefferson "with enjoyment," and Hubard's proposed visit to a cave about 30 miles away.

1827: There are letters from Robert Thruston Hubard, at Hampden-Sydney College, then rooming with Willie J. Eppes, in which he gave details of the life there. He mentioned his brother Edmund Wilcox Hubard being a captain in the militia. In a letter dated 10 December 1827, M. B. Robertson, a cousin of Susannah Wilcox Hubard Maury, at Richmond, wrote about schools there for Louisiana Hubard.

Louisiana Hubard went to Richmond in 1828 to attend school, and there are a number of letters that were exchanged between her and her brothers, Edmund Wilcox Hubard at Saratoga, where he assumed, as agent, the management of his mother's, Susan Wilcox Hubard Maury's affairs, and Robert Thruston Hubard, at Hampden-Sydney College, later at the University of Virginia, from which he wrote detailed letters about the colleges and their students. In a letter, dated 15 March 1828, he wrote of an injury received by Professor Cushing at Hampden-Sydney, while demonstrating the workings of a battery. Louisiana Hubard apparently boarded in Richmond with the family of G. Baker, leaving there after Baker's suicide in April 1828.

There are a number of letters to and from the young Hubards and their friends, during this period, that are filled with neighborhood news and gossip from various places, including accounts of parties and love affairs. The May and Moseley families, among many others, are mentioned.

Susan Wilcox Hubard Maury died around 31 October 1829, and there follow letters and papers about the settlement of her estate. Concern for Louisiana (Lou) Hubard is evidenced in the letters of her brothers, following their mother's death. In October 1832, Edmund Wilcox Hubard took her to Sweet Springs, Va., where Robert Thruston Hubard joined them after Lou became very ill. After a short time, she died and was buried there. There are letters of condolences, among them one from Martha Burke Jones Eppes.

During this period there was correspondence between Martha Burke Jones Eppes and Samuel Branch, an attorney, about her business affairs; and more correspondence with John C. Page, who, though he wanted to give up management of Martha Burke Jones Eppes's affairs because of his ill health, apparently did not do so.

Among other papers in this period are:

1828: In several letters dated 1828, Robert Thruston Hubard, while at the University of Virginia, wrote in detail of studies, social life, and manners and dress of the students and professors. He mentioned among the visitors James Madison and James Monroe.

1830: There is a letter, dated 14 October 1830, to Willie J. Eppes, from Thomas Johnson at the University of Virginia, about Eppes's high grades in anatomy and mentioning Eppes's going on for further study at Philadelphia. There are several letters from other persons addressed to the Hubards, offering to buy or sell a slave, in order that married couples would not be separated.

1831: There is a letter, dated 16 January 1831, from R. A. Burton at West Point, N.Y., to his uncle Robert A. Jones at Halifax, N.C., telling of his cadet's life at the U.S. Military Academy.

1832: In a letter, dated February 1832, J. T. Brown at Richmond wrote to Robert Thruston Hubard, chiefly about emancipation. Phillip Bolling, at Richmond (apparently in legislature) wrote to Robert Thruston Hubard about social affairs, bills in the legislature, including one for sending free blacks out of the country. There is a letter, dated 29 February 1832, from Edmund Wilcox Hubard, apparently at Richmond, to Robert Thruston Hubard, chiefly about the Jackson-Van Buren-Barbour presidential campaign. In a letter, dated 4 March 1832, J. W. Flood at Buckingham County gave his views on slavery and other issues. In a letter, dated 15 May 1832, Robert Thruston Hubard wrote to Edmund Wilcox Hubard at Washington, D.C., advising him of Edmund's appointment to the Baltimore convention, and making comments on the presidential campaign.

1832-33: There is correspondence about Edmund Wilcox Hubard's failed campaign to be made brigadier general in the Virginia militia.

1833: In a letter to Edmund Wilcox Hubard, dated 24 May 1833, Philip A. Bolling in Philadelphia, at the deathbed of John Randolph, described the scene and stated his determination to try to win Randolph's place in Congress. There are miscellaneous letters about Richmond society and politics. There are letters to Robert Thruston Hubard from Edmund Wilcox Hubard at Richmond, telling of his courtship of and refusal by Elizabeth Cabell.

Willie J. Eppes of Mill Brook, was married in 1835, to Ann Cox of Edenton, N.C., according to letters to her, 9 February 1835, from a friend in Petersburg; and one, 8 August, from M. L. M., Edenton, the latter letter giving much news of that town and its residents.

Letters also intimate that Robert Thruston Hubard married sometime before 1836, Susan Bolling, daughter of Lenaeus Bolling and sister of Philip A. Bolling, and lived at Rosny. He practiced law at Farmville and surrounding country, leaving Edmund Wilcox Hubard alone at Saratoga. In 1838, Robert Thruston Hubard went to Richmond, as member of the Virginia House of Representatives.

There are papers during this period concerning moving St. Peter's Episcopal Church to Curdsville, Va., near Saratoga; a good deal of material about this church follows through the years, the Hubard family taking an active part in its affairs.

In 1839 letters, there is mention of Edmund Wilcox Hubard running for Congress, followed by a great deal of correspondence concerning his successful campaign. He served in Congress from 4 March 1841 to 3 March 1847. (For more Edmund Wilcox Hubard papers, see undated subseries 1.14.2.) In 1841 letters, there is mention of his attentions to Sarah A. Eppes, daughter of John Wayles and Martha Burke Jones Eppes of Mill Brook, whose other daughter, Mary Eppes Bolling, had married Edmund Hubard's cousin, Philip A. Bolling.

Prior to this time, the Hubards had dealings with Rives & Harris, factors of Richmond. A letter from Anthony Thornton telling of his partnership in the firm of Carrington, Gibson & Thornton, apparently made them decide to change over to this firm. Later, in 1847, Edmund Wilcox Hubard dealt with Deane & Brown.

A large number of letters were sent to Edmund Wilcox Hubard in Congress from constituents, friends, relatives, asking favors, and addressing such issues as the proposed National Bank and the question of slavery.

There are a number of letters from Robert Thruston Hubard at Rosny, to his brother, Edmund Wilcox Hubard in Congress, about crops, home, family, and neighborhood news, and politics. In 1841-1842, there was apparently a pressure for money, and there was a great deal written about efforts to collect debts and fear of bankruptcy, particularly in the case of Philip A. Bolling, whose financial situation seemed to grow steadily worse. The possibility of the old family place Chellow being sold was discussed at length, and it was finally bought by Robert Thruston Hubard around 23 August 1842.

J. W. Flood continued to write long letters, chiefly about politics, to Edmund Wilcox Hubard, and there are a number of letters to him from Thomas Ritchie of the Richmond Enquirer and from a number of his fellow Congressmen.

Among other papers in this period are:

1834: A letter dated 13 February 1834, to Robert Thruston Hubard, from Thomas M. Bondurant about the death of Thomas T. Bouldin (1781-1834) in the Hall of Congress.

1835: There is a letter, dated 15 August 1835, to Edmund Wilcox Hubard, apparently from Philip A. Bolling, describing White Sulphur Springs, Va.

1836: There is a letter, dated 14 March 1836, from Edmund Ruffin to Edmund Wilcox Hubard(?) about a sale of books.

1837: In a letter, dated 24 February, to Edmund Wilcox Hubard, Philip A. Bolling at Tallahassee, Fla., described social conditions, cotton, tobacco, cigars, and slaves.

1838: In a letter, dated 6 February 1838, to Martha Burke Jones Eppes, Ben McCulloch of Nashville, Tenn., mentioned her property in Tennessee and said that the place had great opportunities for education and religion. In a letter, dated 27 June 1838, Anthony Thornton at Richmond, described President Martin Van Buren and his party at an entertainment. In a letter, dated 5 August 1838, Robert Thruston Hubard, at White Sulphur Springs, also described Van Buren and his party there, his carriages, etc. There are papers dealing with business affairs of the Eppes family, Martha Burke Jones Eppes and the Thweatts, and the Jones and Burton families.

1839: In a letter to Edmund Wilcox Hubard, dated 15 July 1839, Anthony Thornton at Richmond wrote about his approaching marriage. In a letter, dated 2 September 1839, to Edmund Wilcox Hubard, from F. L. Swann(?) at Brandon, Miss., Swann mentioned being employed by the Bank of Mississippi, the Alabama Rail Road Co., his enthusiasm about Mississippi, its physical advantages, business opportunities, and other delights.

1840: In a letter, dated 31 July 1840, Joel R. Poinsett, secretary of war, at Washington, D.C., wrote in answer to criticism of the War Department and its conduct of the Second Seminole War.

1841: There is a letter, dated 16 January 1841, to Edmund Wilcox Hubard, from Archibald Gibbs, asking him, as one of the overseers of the poor, about binding out an orphan boy. There are letters about President Tyler's veto of the National Bank bill and other political matters.

1842: There is a letter, dated 14 June 1842, about temperance meetings. There are letters, dated 11 August and 16 September 1842, to Edmund Wilcox Hubard, from William P. Duval, member of Congresss and governor of Florida, about his voyage to Florida, St. Augustine, affairs in Washington and Florida; his personal claim against the government, personal affairs and his family, and expressing his desire to buy land and move to Kentucky.

Among other persons corresponding with Edmund Wilcox Hubard were: Linn Banks (1784-1842), congressman, 2 January 1841. Walter Coles (1790-1857), congressman, 11 January 1841; 17 May 1840.

Thomas Walker Gilmer (1802-1844), governor of Va., congressman, secretary of the Navy, 10 December 1842. John Thomson Macon (1815-1873), congressman, 21 November 1842.

Joel R. Poinsett (1779-1851), congressman, secretary of war, 31 July 1840.

William H. Roane (1787-1845), congressman and senator, 11 January 1841.

Joseph B. Littlejohn, brother-in-law to Martha Burke Jones Eppes, moved to Tennessee, and, about this time, there appears the beginning of a prolonged correspondence between the families there and in Virginia. Littlejohn's son-in-law, Lewis Williamson, corresponded with descendants of Mrs. Eppes. There was also correspondence with Mrs. Eppes about her property in North Carolina, particularly the plantation Quitzni, situated in Bertie County, and apparently handled for her, with other property in North Carolina by her brother-in-law, Andrew Joyner.

In late November or early December 1846, Edmund Wilcox Hubard married Sarah A. Eppes, daughter of John Wayles and Martha Burke Jones Eppes of Mill Brook, and, in 1847, Hubard apparently was retired from public life and was living again at Saratoga.

Susan Bolling Hubard, wife of Robert Thruston Hubard, died in October or November 1849, after which time Robert Thruston Hubard wrote letters to his brother Edmund Wilcox Hubard about his loneliness. He spoke of several older women who served as housekeepers and helped with his children. The health of Robert Thruston Hubard, according to his letters, was increasingly poor.

Beginning around 1852, Edmund Wilcox Hubard received letters from sons of Robert Thruston Hubard, his nephews, James Lenaeus Hubard and Robert Thruston Hubard, Jr., at the Virginia Military Institute, later farming at different places, or attending the University of Virginia.

In 1853, Robert Thruston Hubard moved to Chellow, the family home, bought some years previous from Philip A. Bolling. Robert Thruston Hubard apparently purchased also Whispering, the home of his uncle, Lenaeus Bolling, who was his father-in-law as well, and, at one time, mentioned keeping Rosny, where he had lived when first married, as it had belonged to his wife, Susan Bolling Hubard.

In 1853, there is mention of Edmund Wilcox Hubard's being made president of the Farmville and Buckingham Plank Company, and there follows much correspondence about stock, construction, tolls, maintenance, and similar matters.

During this period, the two Hubard families, as well as many others, often visited various springs in Virginia, including Alleghany, Red Sulphur, White, and Salt Springs; they also wrote in detail about them in many of their letters.

Among many other letters and papers in this period are:

1843: A letter, dated 1 January 1843, from Robert Thruston Hubard, at Richmond, to Edmund Wilcox Hubard, concerning a congressional district. (For more Edmund Wilcox Hubard papers, see undated subseries 1.14.2.) There is a letter, dated 23 January 1843, from Joseph B. Littlejohn at Fayette County, Tenn., to Martha Burke Jones Eppes, in which he mentioned his second marriage, to Ann M. Sneed, widow of Stephen K. Sneed, his children's marriages, and other family news. There is a letter, dated 4 June 1843, to Edmund Wilcox Hubard, from John R. Edmunds at Halifax Court House, Va., concerning solicitation of aid for the Lynchburg Republican, and B. M. DeWitt, editor, for political reasons.

1844: There is a copy of a letter apparently from Edmund Wilcox Hubard, to E. Smith & Co., commission merchants at New Orleans, about investing in Texas bonds.

1844: There is a letter, dated 24 July 1844, to Martha Burke Jones Eppes, from Joseph B. Littlejohn, in Tennessee, telling of family affairs, hard financial times, and the necessity of try to sell slaves. He mentioned James C. Johnston, of Edenton, N.C., being expected there soon to "renew his acquaintance with Mrs. Govan." In a letter to Edmund Wilcox Hubard from James A. Seddon at Richmond, dated 6 October 1844, Seddon invited him to attend a political meeting. There is a letter, dated 30 November 1844, from Bennett M. DeWitt, about the election of James K. Polk as president. There is a fragment of a letter from Robert Thruston Hubard to Edmund Wilcox Hubard concerning the annexation of Texas and abolitionists.

1845: In a letter dated 16 January 1845, Thomas Jefferson Randolph wrote to Edmund Wilcox Hubard about his collections of papers of distinguished men of the Revolutionary War, specifically a large collection of Jefferson papers that he wanted to sell, as he had to pay off some of Jefferson's debts. There is a letter, dated 24 May 1845, from Isaac Edward Morse (1809-1866), congressional representative from Louisiana, at St. Martinville, La., to Edmund Wilcox Hubard, about persons in the political spotlight at Washington and affairs there. There is a letter, dated 15 December 1845, from William H. Stiles (1808-1865), charge d'affairs of the Legation of the U.S. and congressional representative from Georgia, at Vienna, Austria, to Edmund Wilcox Hubard about efforts to restore the mission to the court of Vienna.

1846: There is an inventory of property on Edmund Wilcox Hubard's plantation, dated December 1846.

1847: There is a letter from Martha Burke Jones Eppes to her daughter, Sarah A. Eppes Hubard, about the former's visit to North Carolina, and information about the Longs, the Alstons, George Edmund Badger, and others.

1848: There is a letter to Edmund Wilcox Hubard from John C. Page, dated April 1848, about organizing a farmers' society, the "Hole and Corner Club."

1850: In a letter, dated 12 January 1850, Edmund Wilcox Hubard wrote to his wife, Sarah (Sallie) A. Eppes Hubard at Mill Brook, mainly about the prevalence of small pox, noting a vaccine virus. In another letter, dated 13 January 1850, he mentioned establishing a hospital at Buckingham Court House, Va., and employing a physician to attend to it. In a letter, dated 28 March 1850, to Dr. Willie J. Eppes, from Andrew Joyner at Weldon, N.C., the sale of Quitzni, Bertie County, N.C., belonging to Martha Burke Jones Eppes, is mentioned.

In a letter, dated 30 March 1850, Roderick M. Robert at Charlottesville, wrote to Edmund Wilcox Hubard with comments on Hubard's articles published in agricultural papers, with suggestions on the formation of agricultural societies. There is a letter, dated 7 June, with a detailed description of Sarah A. Eppes Hubard's health, and directions for treatment, signed S. Jackson, Philadelphia, physician.

1851: In a letter, dated 12 March 1851, Robert Thomas Hubard wrote to R. E. Hubard about children attending a circus at Curdsville, Va. In a letter, dated 10 October 1851, James Lenaeus Hubard wrote to Edmund Wilcox Hubard describing cadet life at the Virginia Military Institute, including a camping expedition to Rockbridge and Warm Springs. In another letter, dated February 1852, he made additional comments about cadet life.

1852: In a letter, dated 11 July 1852, Robert Thruston Hubard wrote to Edmund Wilcox Hubard, asking him to get money, and warning against accepting "shinplasters." There is a letter, dated 1 December 1852, from John F. Hix and others at Bent Creek, Va., to Edmund Wilcox Hubard, in which they asked for his help in alleviating excessive tolls on the canal bridge. There are letters exchanged between William. M. Thornton, Robert Thruston Hubard, and John C. Page about the Willis's company, possibly with regard to the canal toll bridge.

Among other correspondents:

Daniel Moreau Barringer (1806-1873), congressman and minister to Spain, about attending or not attending Edward Wilcox Hubard's wedding.

Henry Bedinger (1812-1858), congressman and minister to Denmark, concerning Bedinger's approaching second marriage, and political situation, 20 May 1847, 23 October 1847, and 21 May 1848.

Thomas Stanhope Bocock (1815-1891), congressman, mostly about politics in Buckingham County, Va., 16 April 1847, 6 August 1850, and 3 March 1851.

Augustus A. Chapman (1803-1876), congressman.

Cary C. Cocke, Lower Bremo, to Edmund Wilcox Hubard, about buying wheat, 8 October 1849.

William P. Duvall (1784-1854), congressman and governor of the territory Florida, from St. Augustine, 27 May 1843.

Bennett M. DeWitt, Lynchburg, about the election of James K. Polk, 30 November 1844.

Orlando Bell Ficklin (1808-1886), congressman, about presidential candidates and similar matters, 26 January 1852.

William F. Giles (1807-1879), congressman and judge, Baltimore, 10 November 1846.

Thomas Walker Gilmer (1802-1844), congressman and secretary of the Navy, about a dinner, given in Gilmer's honor at Amherst Court House, Va., 1 August 1843.

William McKendree Gwin (1805-1885), congressman and senator, at Vicksburg, Miss., concerning Hubard's reelection to Congress, 23 June 1843.

George W. Hopkins (1804-1861), congressman, written from Abingdon, Va., concerning politics and about certificate of election to Congress, 9 and 14 May 1843; also 26 May, asking Edmund Wilcox Hubard to his wedding on 30 May 1843.

Robert Mercer Taliaferro Hunter (1809-1887), congressman and senator, February 1848; August 1850; 12 March 1851.

David Settle Reid (1813-1891), congressman, senator, and governor of North Carolina, 19 November 1846.

Thomas Ritchie, Richmond, 7 May 1844.

William L. Ritchie (son of Thomas Ritchie), about the presidential election, 11 April 1852.

John Canfield Spencer (1788-1855), congressman and secretary of the Treasury, about tariff and customs collections, 6 April 1844.

Abel P. Upshur, secretary of state, concerning detention of someone by Chippewa Indians, 2 September 1843.

In June 1854, Edmund Wilcox Hubard was elected vice president for his county of the Union Agricultural Society of Virginia and North Carolina, Petersburg, Va. In November 1855, S. Bassett French wrote to him about a petition to the legislature from that organization, and about similar matters in November 1857.

During this period, Robert Thruston Hubard, in his letters to his brother, mentioned cultivation at Whispering, the former home of Lenaeus Bolling. There was considerable correspondence about the Farmville and Buckingham Plank Road and much about presidential candidates, the banking system in Virginia, and other political matters, including disunion, and emancipation of slaves.

On 16 October 1856, Edmund Wilcox Hubard received a letter from John T. Watkins of Cumberland County, in which the latter wrote of his pending migration to another part of the country and leaving in Hubard's hands his plan for helping in the moral and religious uplift of the slaves. There are also a few other papers pertaining to Watkins's organization, the Cumberland African Society for the Amelioration of the Moral and Religious Condition of the Colored People of the County, including its constitution, a letter to newspaper, and related items.

There is correspondence, beginning 21 March 1856, regarding aid to Thomas Jefferson Eppes of Florida, who was asking for appointment to the consulate at Cuba. In September 1857, after Edmund Wilcox Hubard had written to President James Buchanan on Eppes's behalf, Hubard received letters from Eppes thanking him for his trouble. One, dated 4 September 1857, described the persons in Washington with whom he had come in contact.

Edmund Wilcox Hubard had correspondence in this period concerning the Farmville and Buckingham Plank Road, selling Buffaloe in Nelson County, Va., and with prospective teachers for his children at Saratoga. A letter from J. W. A. Saunders, apparently living in the neighborhood, written 15 June 1859, requests that two of his boys be allowed to attend classes under a teacher procured by Hubard with Saunders paying tuition for them. This is apparently the beginning of the Saratoga Home School, which continued for some years, and about which there is a good deal of correspondence.

Edmund Wilcox Hubard received letters periodically from the sons of his brother Robert Thruston Hubard, particularly James Lenaeus Hubard, concerning the latter's marriage in November 1860 to Isaetta Randolph of Albemarle Co. There are also letters form Robert Thruston Hubard, Jr., who was studying law at the University of Virginia, from where he wrote, on 3 December 1860, of additions and improvements at the University, his fellow students, and the general milieu of the place. Robert Thruston Hubard, Jr., also described his brother James's wedding, parties, and related matters.

There was a barbecue in Buckingham County, Va., on 4 July 1860, for the purpose of stirring up interest in a proposed "S.S." (Straight Shoot) railroad, that was to be constructed through the neighborhood, and for promoting the sale of stock. There is correspondence concerning this, individuals being asked to contribute meat and other provisions, and also a great deal of correspondence, over several years, about the proposed railroad, and its route.

In 1860, Edmund Wilcox Hubard had correspondence with James Woodhouse & Co. of Richmond about the publication of music he had written.

Among the papers for this period are:

1855: In a letter dated 30 September 1855, Robert Thruston Hubard mentioned to Edmund Wilcox Hubard a wedding his boys attended at Frank Cabell's, where, out of respect for General Cocke, nothing alcoholic was served. There is a letter, dated 1 December 1855, from Alex Moseley to Edmund Wilcox Hubard, giving advice about selling land and slaves.

1857: There is a letter, dated 23 February 1857, to Edmund Wilcox Hubard, from his cousin, William M. Burwell, at Shiloh Marengo, Ala., about family news, conditions generally. There is a letter, dated 28 February 1857, to Edmund Wilcox Hubard from William Massie at Pharsalia, Nelson County, Va., chiefly about raising mules. There is a letter, dated April 1857, from James Lenaeus Hubard at the University of Virginia, telling about his life there. There are letters, dated June, 2 July and 10 August 1857, from Henry Flood at Lynchburg, Va., concerning politics. In a letter, dated 13 July 1857, Edmund Wilcox Hubard requested information from C. D. Yale & Co. about a furnace heated with wood, including pipes and registers. There is the report, dated 1 October 1857, of the president of the Farmville and Buckingham Plank Road.

1859: There is a letter, dated 9 January 1859, from Edmund Wilcox Hubard, about having grain ground at a mill, giving details, measures, and related information. In a letter, dated 5 November 1859, Edmund Wilcox Hubard wrote to Robert Thruston Hubard a short resume of his life and gave plans for running for the office of major general in the state militia.

1860: In a letter, dated 23 April 1860, Sarah A. Eppes Hubard wrote to Edmund Wilcox Hubard, at a convention in Charleston, S.C., telling him the names of her relatives there, and news from home. There is an official notification to Edmund Wilcox Hubard of his election to the board of visitors of Farmville Female College at Farmville, Va., dated 28 May 1860. There are proceedings of a meeting, dated 2 October 1860, concerning completion of a canal, from the office of James River & Kanawha Co., sent to Edmund Wilcox Hubard. There is a printed plat of the town of Rappahannock, from which lots were apparently drawn. There is a letter, dated 21 February 1860, about Robert Mercer Taliaferro Hunter's candidacy for President. There are numerous letters that were exchanged between Edmund Wilcox Hubard and Robert Thruston Hubard, chiefly concerning the following subjects: the banking system in Virginia, presidential candidates, difficulties connected with owning slaves, Salt Sulphur Springs, Va., and other springs, the danger of disunion and civil war, crops, the Democratic conventions, dissension in the Republican party, and secession.

Among the correspondents during this period were:

James Wood Bouldin (1792-1854), congressman, acknowledging receipt of papers.

William Osborne Goode (1798-1859), congressman, concerning politics, 3 March 1855; 20 January 1856.

Robert Mercer Taliaferro Hunter, mentioning receipt of some papers, 18 June 1854.

Shelton F. Leake (1812-1884), congressman, concerning Leake's candidacy for Congress and politics in general, 23 December 1858.

Paulus Powell (1809-1874), congressman, concerning politics, 4 March and 10 April 1855.

Roger A. Pryor (1828-1919), congressman, minister to Greece, judge, and justice, New York Supreme Court, concerning publishing a newspaper called The South, 28 February 1857.

John Randolph Tucker (1823-1897), congressman, about his being a candidate for office.

Henry A. Wise (1806-1876), congressman, minister to Brazil, and governor of Virginia, about appointments and politics, 3 January 1855 and 13 January 1856; also 7 February 1857, concerning appointment of Thomas Jefferson Randolph to the board of visitors of the University of Virginia; also 15 December 1860, thanking Edmund Wilcox Hubard for cane cut at Monticello, and expressing regard for Hubard.

The material for the Civil War period covers a wide variety of subjects, including disunion, secession, emancipation, and the formation and maintenance of the Confederacy. Beginning in January 1861, letters are filled with questions as to organization of the state militia, arming soldiers, and providing ammunition, and buying supplies for farms and slaves (such as lead, powder, salt, leather and shoes), while it was still possible to do so. There are also warnings to individuals to prepare against invasion by the enemy, and against Northern spies.

In 1861, Edmund Wilcox Hubard was defeated in his bid to serve as representative from Buckingham County, Va., to the convention to be held in Richmond in February, and there is correspondence concerning the ineligibility of the successful candidate, Forbes, who already held a political position as sheriff of the county. Beginning in May 1861, there are letters about trains of soldiers, equipment for companies, supplies, drilling, the reaction of women to the situation, destitute soldiers of families and relief for them, and similar matters.

There is also correspondence about procurement of teachers for the Hubards at the Saratoga Home School, and concerning children coming to board and attend school there. On 14 March 1863, Sue Hubard, daughter of Edmund Wilcox Hubard, wrote a long letter to a cousin describing school life, teachers, and pupils.

In 1863, there was mention of the possibility of nominating Edmund Wilcox Hubard for governor of Virginia, but nothing, apparently, came of it. In that year, he was appointed as appraiser for Virginia under the recent impressment act of Congress.

Martha Burke Jones Eppes, widow of John Wayles Eppes, died at Millbrook, Buckingham County, on 6 December 1863; her will had been completed on 6 June 1861. There is an account of her death and description of her character, and, for some time, there are papers referring to the settlement of her estate, sale of slaves, and efforts to collect money owed to her.

There are letters from members of the family in the Confederate service and at home, some of them noting their suffering from the effects of war. In 1865, there are papers dealing with the Freedmen's Bureau and arrangements for hiring freedmen. There are also pardons, oaths of allegiance, and similar items.

Among other papers from this period are:

1861: A letter, dated 6 April 1861, from Robert Thruston Hubard to Edmund Wilcox Hubard, includes genealogical notes on the Hubards and Thrustons, and discusses provision for their descendents. There are two letters to Edmund Wilcox Hubard, from J. A. Cowardin at Richmond, dated April 1861, concerning a concoction made from prickly ash bark, apparently believed to have a great curative value. (See letter dated 18 August 1871 for information on scheme for preparing this potion for sale.) In a letter, dated 28 August 1861, Robert Thruston Hubard wrote to Edmund Wilcox Hubard, telling of the whereabouts and situations of the former's children. There are letters, dated November 1861, from Robert Thruston Hubard to Edmund Wilcox Hubard concerning the danger of southerners wanting the Confederate government to buy their produce because of the lack of sales due to blockade of ports, which would result in higher taxes and inflation of currency. This letter also mentions the standards by which taxes on land and slaves could be returned to the government. In a letter, dated 1 December 1861, Robert Thruston Hubard warned Edmund Wilcox Hubard against investing too heavily in Confederate bonds.

1862: There is a letter, dated 13 February 1862, from William M. Burwell at Clarke County, Ala., telling of hard times and poor crops. There is a letter, dated 21 February 1862, to Edmund Wilcox Hubard from his nephew, James Lenaeus Hubard, officer in the 44th Virginia Regiment, stationed in the mountains near Staunton, telling of his life there, complaining of bad management in putting generals in terrains different from what they were used to, describing people in the region, and commenting on the war in general. There is a letter, dated 17 September, from R. T. Lacy at New Kent, Va., describing the desolation left by fighting near Williamsburg earlier that year. In a letter, dated 29 December 1862, James A. Seddon, Confederate secretary of war, wrote to Edmund Wilcox Hubard that he was enclosing printed suggestions for manufacture of nitre.

1863: There is correspondence between Edmund Wilcox Hubard and his wife and children, when he was in Richmond serving on a commission to regulate the value of the Confederate dollar and appraise property for taxation by written standards. He received letters from E. Mosely and others about his work. There are letters, dated 3 and 6 August 1863, from Henry D. Flood at Lynchburg, about impressment of his horses into Confederate service.

1864: There are letters, dated 4 and 21 March 1864, from Francis Eppes at Tallahassee, Fla., telling of his return to Florida from North Carolina, with his slaves (probably inherited at the death of his stepmother, Martha Burke Jones Eppes of Mill Brook). He wrote also of the Battle of "Oluska" (Olustee), Fla., and about news of members of his family in the army and at home. There is a letter, dated 24 March 1864, from Nicholas W. Eppes, son of Francis Eppes, at a camp near Dalton, Ga., to his aunt, Eliza Eppes, about camp life and the high morale of soldiers of the Army of Tennessee after the replacement of General Braxton Bragg by Joseph E. Johnston. He also mentioned snow and snowball battles. There are Confederate tax returns, dated 18 July 1864, and an item, dated 19 July 1864, mentioning standards for taxes. There are resolutions from an 1864 meeting at Pulaski, Va., about commissioners increasing prices and taking breadstuffs. In a letter dated 4 November 1864, Robert Thruston Hubard, voiced objections to slaves being put into the Confederate army. There is a list of taxes in kinds, dated 21 December 1864.

1865: There is an unsigned letter, apparently from Eliza Eppes to one of her brothers, dated 20 March 1865, about the settlement of their inheritance from their mother. There are notices and letters from Robert Thruston Hubard, dated 1 September 1865, to creditors, urging payments on notes, and explaining the necessity for payment because of the loss, through emancipation, of "upwards of two thousand millions of dollars, to the South". There are receipts, dated 8 September 1865, for surplus horses for the U.S. Army, bought by Edmund Wilcox Hubard. There are contracts and other items relating to the work of freedmen. There is an extract of a letter, dated December 1865, from Nicholas W. Eppes, mentioning his army experiences, fighting in both battles of Manassas, at Missionary Ridge, and at Gettysburg. In a March 1865 letter, Eliza Eppes wrote to "Nannie" of harsh treatment by Northern soldiers.

Among other correspondents in this period are:

John Randolph Tucker, attorney general of Virginia, about eligibility to attend the state convention, 12 February 1861.

R. A. Coghill of Richmond, also on the state convention, 15 February 1861, and on reorganization of militia and election of generals, 4 March 1861.

Alexander Moseley of Gravel Hill, Va., asking Edmund Wilcox Hubard's aid in procuring a county loan for volunteer companies and their families, 29 June 1861.

Robert Mercer Taliaferro Hunter at Richmond, about personal matters and the possibility of cessation of hostilities, 25 March 1862.

Much of the correspondence immediately following the Civil War dealt with hard times, plans for making a living, and contracts with freedmen to work on the plantations and as house servants. Edmund Wilcox Hubard had hides cured by other persons on shares, kept up the Saratoga Home School at his house, and, in 1866, took Sarah A. Eppes Hubard's aunt, Matilda Eppes Spooner, to board. His financial condition, however, like those of many others, grew steadily worse, threatening him with bankruptcy, as was the case with Phillip A. Bolling also. Edmund Wilcox Hubard corresponded with a number of persons, relative to borrowing money and selling his lands in Nelson and Buckingham counties, Va. Sarah A. Eppes Hubard made ketchup and vinegar for sale and her husband sold a number of his books. Their daughter, Susan (Sue) W. Hubard, made efforts towards getting employment, becoming more and more interested in writing for newspapers and magazines.

Edmund Wilcox Hubard corresponded extensively with John D. Imboden, a former Confederate general, who was engaged in the real estate business at Richmond, Va., chiefly about the sale of Hubard's properties. Edmund Wilcox Hubard had correspondence with his brother, Robert Thruston Hubard, about financial affairs. This correspondence was carried on after Robert Thruston Hubard's death in 1871, with Robert Thruston Hubard, Jr., attorney at Farmville, Va.

There are scattered references to searches made for natural resources--particularly oil, copper, and black lead--on Edmund Wilcox Hubard's lands.

Edmund Wilcox Hubard continued in his efforts to build a railroad through his community, and there are a large number of letters and other papers relating to this venture. The proposed railroad line was referred to as being between Lynchburg and Richmond in April 1867; as the Buckingham and Farmville Railroad Company, with Edmund Wilcox Hubard elected president, in August 1869; and, in November 1869, as the Farmville, Cumberland, and Buckingham Railroad. Starting in 1871, there are many references to its being narrow gauge.

There are many papers concerning the settlement of the estate of Martha Burke Jones Eppes, which consisted of property in Virginia, North Carolina, and Tennessee. Lawsuits connected with the inheritance continued, apparently, for a number of years.

There are scattered letters from the family of Francis Eppes, half brother of Sarah A. Eppes Hubard, in Florida, telling of family affairs, hard times, and hopes of future success with their citrus fruit trees and bananas.

There are also papers dealing with the Saratoga Home School, including correspondence of the pupils and parents, bills, and similar items. Two letters from Launcelot M. Blackford, 4 April 1866 and 11 July 1870, were written on the subject of the school, and there is an annual report of the school, dated 14 July 1870.

There are several letters that were exchanged between Pocahontas Meredith and her father, W. C. Meredith, mentioning money for Poca's tuition at the Saratoga Home School, and there are later letters from her at Winchester, Va., at home and at school. Apparently W. C. Meredith married a daughter of Philip A. Bolling and Mary Eppes Bolling who had died sometime before this period. In June 1868, Poca wrote from Winchester of the marriage of her father and also of her older sister.

Mill Brook, the home of the Eppes family, burned on 6 September 1866; there is a list of articles saved from the fire. Eliza Eppes, unmarried Eppes sister of Sarah A. Eppes Hubard, apparently lived for a time after Mill Brook burned at Saratoga with the Hubards. There are a number of letters and other items addressed to her. Mary Eppes Bolling died 22 October 1867, and there are letters concerning her death. Philip Bolling wrote, 30 June 1868, describing with enthusiasm his new home, Glebe, in Amherst County, Va., and August 1868, mentioning his second marriage, to Anna Tappan.

In August 1866, Edmund Wilcox Hubard was appointed delegate to the Union Party Convention in Philadelphia, Pa., which prompted him to petition Congress to lift restrictions imposed under the fourteenth amendment that barred him from holding holding. He received a letter, dated 23 May 1872, stating that the Amnesty Bill had passed, and that restrictions on Hubard were lifted.

John E. Hubard, son of Edmund Wilcox Hubard, studied medicine at the University of Virginia beginning in 1870, and there are letters written by him telling of his life, studies, and social contacts. In a letter dated 5 January 1871, he mentioned making New Year's Day calls on his professors. In 1871, he relocated to Baltimore, Md., to finish his medical education. There are letters from him there mentioning his work. During this period, it appears that Edmund W. Hubard, Jr., was still at Saratoga, and that Willie J. Hubard, the youngest son, was still in school.

Susan W. Hubard, the only daughter, wrote long and descriptive letters of her visits to various places. On 27 April 1870, she wrote to her father from Richmond to tell him about the floor at the Court of Appeals at the Capitol falling, killing 53 and wounding many others. There are letters, one dated February 1872, from Susan W. Hubard, in which she described another visit to Richmond, and another dated 10 July 1872, describing a stay at White Sulphur Springs. Dated November 1872, there is a letter from Edmund W. Hubard, Jr., at Richmond, about a concert by violinist Ole Bull, and another written at Covington Academy, Covington, Va., where he was teaching school. There are a number of letters dating from this period addressed to and from the young Hubards and their friends, in which they wrote of trips, love affairs, visits here and there, social gatherings, neighborhood news, and gossip.

In May 1871, Edmund Wilcox Hubard received estimates for building a new courthouse for Buckingham County, Va., and there is correspondence on this topic for some time, including a letter, dated 4 August 1871, concerning the history of the courthouse.

Among papers from this period are:

1866:In a letter, dated 9 March 1866, from J. B. Littlejohn at Mansfield, La., he wrote to "my dear cousin" about his efforts to make a living after losing an arm. He considered a trade, then bootblacking, then tried farming in Texas on a rented place with freedmen, all unsuccessfully. At the time of writing, he had taken up the study of law. In an item, dated 26 May 1866, Robert Thruston Hubard wrote about registering slaves owned at the end of the Civil War, in case of future compensation by the U.S. government. There is a letter, dated 2 August 1866, to Edmund Wilcox Hubard from A. Thornton of New York, concerning business affairs and news of Thornton's family.

1869:There are letters, dated April 1869, from A. Moseley at Richmond, to Sue Hubard concerning some articles she had written for The Whig, and to Edmund Wilcox Hubard about political conditions. There are letters, dated September 1869, from William Mahone, president of the South Side Railroad, to Edmund Wilcox Hubard about the proposed railroad.

1871:In a letter, dated 4 April 1871, Congressman Richard Thomas Walker Duke (1822-1898) wrote about procuring public lands for Virginia; in another, dated 19 Feb. 1872, he discussed general financial conditions in the South. Edward M. Alfriend at Richmond and Sue Hubard corresponded at this time about a request for her to take the part of Julia in The Rivals, to be produced by the Dramatic Club of Richmond. There is a letter, dated 12 June 1871, to Edmund Wilcox Hubard, from Horace Greely (1811-1872) of New York, discussing the treatment of black laborers.

1872: There is a letter, dated 21 June 1872, from G. W. Bagby of Richmond, inquiring about the bust of Thomas Jefferson that was once at Mill Brook, the Eppes home, and which was wanted for the Virginia State Library. There is a letter, dated 13 September, from Henry A. Wise of Richmond, commenting on the times and the men in leadership positions. There is a letter, dated 20 November 1872, from Gilbert Carlton Walker (1833-1885), representative from Virginia and governor, relating to proposed immigration into Virginia. There is a map of Mecklenburg County, Va., printed and published by Endly and Boyd, Christiansville, Va., with farms of northern settlers inked in.

In 1873, Edmund W. Hubard, Jr., wrote to his family from Alleghany County, Va., where he taught and served as principal of the Covington Academy. He included in his mail a pencil sketch of the Academy building. He told in detail of his life there, of social contacts, and of his tentative engagement to Miss McDonald, which was apparently called off. Later in 1873, he moved to Enniscartha, Va., and wrote describing his situation in the household of Tucker S. Coles at Green Mountain, Albemarle County, Va., as tutor to his three boys, giving details of the house and the family's manner of living. In 1876, Edmund Wilcox Hubard, Jr., studying law at the University of Virginia, wrote letters from Charlottesville before returning to Saratoga to practice law. There are a great many letters and papers concerning his law practice in the vicinity of Buckingham County, Va.

There are papers dating from this period that concern Edmund Wilcox Hubard's proposed railroad, mostlyattempts to discourage him from proceeding with the project. Filed with December 1873 papers, there is a copy of an account, included apparently in Congressional House Documents, of the case of Col. A. B. Steinberger, who was apparently engaged to Sue Hubard and his difficulties in Samoa. Dating from January 1874, there are letters about Col. Steinberger being in the United States and expected at Saratoga, which apparently never happened. There are copies of letters written to him by Sue Hubard (see also undated material), and letters written to her by various persons concerning Steinberger and her engagement to him, and to government officials asking for information about him and his whereabouts. References to him are scattered through the papers until November 1878, when a letter from an unidentified writer, mentioned that Sue Hubard had broken off her engagement to Steinberger.

There are letters from A. Thornton in New York, giving family news; also from various members of the Eppes family, in Florida, chiefly addressed to Eliza Eppes, either at Saratoga or at Mill Brook, where she occasionally stayed. Willie J. Hubard apparently lived at home during this period, and was engaged in teaching school. Sue Hubard continued to pursue her career as a writer with some success, there being correspondence about copyrights and about her work, including a letter from Whitelaw Reid, of the New York Tribune, dated 3 December 1874, and one from Augustin Daly of New York, dated January 1875, concerning an article and play she had submitted.

Edmund Wilcox Hubard was appointed, in May 1874, as a delegate to the Atlanta State Tobacco Convention. In September, 1875, he was appointed to represent the Farmer's Council of Virginia at the National Agricultural Congress, Cincinnati, and, in November, 1875, he was sent by the governor to a national convention at St. Louis, Mo., for consideration of construction of a Pacific Railroad through the states and territories. Many of the papers for this period relate to these events. Sue Hubard and her brothers took up the investigation of heraldry about this time, and there is a letter, dated 17 March 1876, from E. Y. W. Custis of New Bern, N. C., with a sketch of a coat of arms taken from a silver tea kettle, supposedly from the Tryon Palace.

In 1876, Sue Hubard visited New York. There is a letter from her there, dated July of that year, in which she mentioned that she had borrowed money from Somerville, a commission merchant in Richmond, using her diamonds as collateral.

There are letters during these years from Pocahontas Bolling Meredith, mentioning her work teaching in schools and as a governess. There are also occasional letters from W. C. Meredith, chiefly about personal and family matters.

Edmund Wilcox Hubard died on 9 December 1878, and there are letters concerning his death, and papers about the settlement of his estate. In February 1879, Jane Eppes in Florida wrote to Eliza Eppes concerning his death and told of a spiritual visit from him to her father, Francis Eppes, and other similar experiences on her father's part.

In April, 1879, Sue Hubard wrote from Washington, D.C., of her family's poverty, suggesting taking summer boarders at Saratoga, of her brothers' attitudes towards this plan, and of efforts on her part to sell some family-owned violins. In letters, dated 23 May, 2 June, and 21 June 1879, visiting in Washington, she wrote about many persons she had met, including William Gates DeLuc (1823-1917, Union officer and U.S. commissioner of agriculture); senator Matthew Hale Carpenter (1824-1881); Martin L. Clardy (1844-1914, representative from Missouri); and senator Zebulon Baird Vance (1839-1894, representative and senator, governor of North Carolina), insinuating, as to the last that he was paying her marked attention.

There is a copy of a notice, dated 1880, sent around to the heirs of Matilda W. Eppes Spooner, stating that she had died in November of that year, leaving an estate which would be divided among her nieces and nephews, and recommending that the services of Edmund W. Hubard, Jr., be engaged. There was a great deal of correspondence concerning this matter for some years.

There are a number of letters addressed to members of the Hubard family from relatives or connections, apparently in close touch with those in Buckingham County, Va., but whose connections with them are unclear. There are papers related to lawsuits having been instituted regarding some of the property of Martha Burke Jones Eppes in Tennessee and being handled, apparently, by Tomlin and Tomlin, attorneys, of Jackson, Tenn.

In letters, dated January and February 1881, Sue Hubard at Baltimore, Md., discussed her approaching marriage to John T. Crow (1822-1881), managing editor of the Baltimore Sun, her trousseau, and similar matters. Following the wedding, she described their temporary quarters at Barnum's Hotel. John T. Crow died almost in March. There was considerable correspondence concerning his death, and, subsequently, concerning the settlement of his estate, and the languid state of Sue Hubard Crow, who returned to live with her family at Saratoga, Buckingham County, Va., and who died there around January 1882. (For more Sue Hubard Crow papers, see undated subseries 1.14.3.)

Among papers from this period are:

1873:Dated February 1873 and following, there are letters concerning a visit by Sue Hubard and her brother, John, with Kate Boylan at Raleigh, N.C., mentioning the people there. In a letter, dated 3 March 1873, to Sue Hubard, from her mother, Sarah Eppes Hubard, the latter provided notes on family genealogical relationships. In a letter, dated 17 July 1873, Philip A. Bolling of Litchfield County, Conn., wrote of the industrial development of New England and compared the economics there with the South and its past reliance on slave labor. In another letter, dated 24 July 1873, he predicted the future development of the South with industry and smaller plantations, instead of the larger ones of the prewar period.

1874:There is a letter, dated 19 January 1874, from Thomas Whitehead (1824-1901), congressman, Confederate officer, editor of the Lynchburg News and the Lynchburg Advance, concerning taxation of tobacco; and another, dated February 1874, about finding Col. Steinberger. There is a letter, dated 6 March 1874, from John Warfield Johnston (1818-1889), senator and state judge, concerning a report from the U.S. Patent Office. There are letters, dated May through June 1874, from F. F. Fredway, relating to the establishment of a Grange. There are letters, dated July through August 1874, addressed to and from Sue and Edmund Wilcox Hubard, Jr., at the Greenbrier, White Sulphur Springs, mostly about personal and family matters. In letters, dated 29 August and 9 September 1874, Robert Mercer Taliaferro Hunter, congressman and senator, discussed taxation of tobacco and the change of appointment of one Edmund Wilcox Hubard's sons to Annapolis or West Point. In another letter, dated 30 September 1876, he discussed Hubard's financial affairs.

1875: There is a letter, dated 21 February 1875, from Morton Craig Hunter (1825-1896), congressman and Union army officer, concerning banking. In a letter, dated 30 March 1875, Louisiana Hubard Randolph, daughter of Robert Thruston Hubard and wife of Dr. Randolph of Albemarle County, wrote of her four children and other family news. A note, dated 16 April 1875, states that Eleanor Gray Page, wife of John C. Page, died at Mill Brook, Va. In a letter, dated 20 July 1875, John Randolph Tucker (1823-1897) congressman, attorney, and college professor of Lexington, Va., wrote to Edmund Wilcox Hubard about Willie J. Hubard entering competitive examinations for West Point. In another letter, dated 7 April 1876, he discussed copyrighting an article sold by Sue Hubard to Leslie's Magazine. In a letter, dated 30 April 1878, he discussed politics. In a letter, dated 6 September 1875, Philip A. Bolling wrote to Eliza Eppes at Mill Brook, Va., about the death of his wife Anna Tappan Bolling; he also mentioned the death of Willie J. Eppes daughter Nellie (Eleanor Gray Page).

1876:In a letter, dated 22 May 1876, John D. Imboden wrote to Edmund Wilcox Hubard concerning the invention of a railway car and axle and discussed the fate of the narrow gauge railroad.

1877:There is a letter, dated 23 May 1877, from J. M. Blanton, master, State Grange of Virginia, concerning politics. James L. Kemper (1823-1895), Confederate general and governor of Virginia, wrote a letter of recommendation for Edmund Wilcox Hubard; it is dated 11 January 1877. In letters, dated 7 July and 15 and 24 September 1877, William Mahone (1826-1895), senator, Confederate general, and railroad president, thanked Hubard for his testimonial; he also discussed state politics and his gubernatorial campaign. There is a letter, dated 5 October 1877, from David Miller of Bristol, Va., concerning an independent ticket in Virginia.

1878: There is a letter, dated 31 January, from George C. Cabell (1836-1906), congressman and Confederate officer, to Edmund Wilcox Hubard, saying that chances were poor for Hubard, a Southern Democrat, getting an appointment to a federal job. There is a letter, dated 1 February 1878, to Edmund Wilcox Hubard from Fred W. M. Holliday, concerning a recommendation. There is a letter, dated 18 April 1878, from Beverly Tucker at Washington, D.C., concerning state and national politics. In a letter, dated 30 July 1878, John Randolph Tucker (1823-1897), congressman and educator, discussed the political situation.

Many papers in this time period relate to political matters. Edmund Wilcox Hubard, Jr., ran successfully for the office of commonwealth attorney, and, in 1883, was elected to the state senate. There was criticism of his holding these two offices, and there is correspondence concerning that issue, as well as letters and papers dealing with both of those offices. Willie J. Hubard, youngest of the sons of Edmund Wilcox Hubard, apparently attended the University of Virginia, in company with his cousin Andrew J. Eppes, son of Willie J. Eppes. Willie Jones Hubard practiced law with his brother, Edmund Wilcox Hubard, Jr., in the firm of Hubard and Hubard, concerning which practice there are numbers of papers. In June 1885, E. W. Hubard, Jr., was appointed as a delegate to the Republican state convention; in July, 1894, he received a letter from James D. Brady, expressing regret that Hubard had gone back to the Democratic party. Beginning in 1896, there are letters addressed to Willie J. Hubard, House of Delegates at Richmond, Va.; in 1902, he wrote from the state treasurer's office at Richmond, where he apparently was serving as auditor.

Dating from this period are letters and papers concerning Lucy P. Moseley, daughter of A. F. Moseley, chiefly about schoolwork, and her training as a school teacher. There is also an invitation to her wedding, dated 16 June 1886, and addressed to Dr. John E. Hubard at the Presbyterian church, Maysville, Va. There is mention, in the papers dating from the following years, of Dr. Hubard's ill health, and there are letters, dated February 1892, to the Hubard family expressing sympathy on his death. There is a teacher's certificate, dated August 1892, that was issued to Lucy P. Moseley Hubard by the Buckingham Free Schools, and there are letters to and from her scattered through the remainder of the papers, particularly one, dated 18 November 1906, from her at Washington, D.C., to Edmund Wilcox Hubard, Jr., concerning her children and mentioning E. W. Hubard's son, Dabney Hubard.

References to Sarah A. Eppes Hubard, widow of Edmund Wilcox Hubard, are scarce and then practically disappear around 1896; it may be surmised that she died about that time. Eliza Eppes, her sister, died, apparently, in 1884. Andrew J. Eppes, son of Willie J. Eppes, was apparently the superintendent of schools in Buckingham County, beginning around 1884, and there is constant mention of him by members of the family at Saratoga, and letters indicating that he made his home there for some time. In December 1903, Willie J. Hubard wrote to his brother, Edmund Wilcox Hubard, Jr., about the former's approaching wedding at Richmond, 11 December 1903, to Miss Carrie.

There are a number of letters from various relatives and connections of the Hubard family dating from this period, some of the writers being unidentified. Among these letters are some written by:

Mamie (or Manie) J. Lemmon of Covington, Tenn., (17 March 1881) apparently a descendent of the Eppes family, and niece of Matilda Eppes Spooner; and from M. B. Savage, Memphis, Tenn., a cousin (10 March 1881). Both of these writers mentioned their own families and asked about the Spooner estate. W. Littlejohn of Albemarle, Va. (20 March 1884) gave much family news and many genealogical references. L. Conway at Richmond and Charlottesville, Va., (February through April 1885) wrote to Edmund Wilcox Hubard, Jr., and Tempe Osborne about family and personal matters. T. J. Shine of Orlando, Fla., (16 May 1886) wrote to Edmund Wilcox Hubard, Jr., about funds for Francis Eppes from the Spooner estate; also Jane Eppes at Madison, Fla., (15 June 1886); John W. Eppes at Madison, Fla., (6 August 1886); and other members of the Francis Eppes family in Florida, discussed mostly family and personal matters.

Pattie Farley and her mother, "Nannie" Farley, at Kanawha Falls, W.Va. (29 Aug. 1886; 21 November 1887; January 1890; January 1892; October 20, 1892; May, 1896) wrote mostly about family matters. Pattie Farley (26 August 1896) also told of her approaching marriage to J. M. Clark, civil and mining engineer, of New Jersey. Nannie Farley mentioned the death of her husband, Tom Farley, in a letter dated 31 July 1903. There are also letters written by children of Robert Thruston Hubard, including one from Louisiana Hubard Randolph, married to Dr. L. C. Randolph (5 March 1891), telling of her own children and some of the children of her brothers.

Among other correspondents and papers dating from this period:

1883: Dated 24 January 1883, there is the oath of John E. Hubard, M.D., at Richmond, Va., on becoming surgeon for the state penitentiary. Shortly afterwards, a letter to his family showed that Hubard did not like that situation and decided not to stay. There is a letter, dated 10 December 1883, from Thomas Conrad, president of the Virginia Agricultural & Manufacturing College, congratulating Edmund Wilcox Hubard, Jr., on his election as state senator. Other papers, dated 1883, are related to Hubard's election in Buckingham County.

1885: There is a broadside, dated April 1885, entitled "Sketch of John S. Wise, Republican Candidate for Governor of Virginia." There are letters, dated May 1885, from Paul M. Jones at New Store, Va., referring to the black vote. In a letter, dated 23 June 1885, J. X. Morton at Blacksburg, Va., invited Edmund Wilcox Hubard, Jr., to be his guest during a meeting of the Board of Visitors; in another letter, dated 7 April 1886, he wrote of the entire faculty of the Virginia Agricultural & Manufacturing College being removed and having to be reelected; a letter from J. E. Christian, dated 10 April 1885, deals with the same subject.

1887: Following correspondence concerning voting for a railroad, there is a letter, dated 30 July 1887, from Robert Thruston Hubard Jr., as president, F. & C. R.R, dealing with financial matters. There is a broadside, dated 30 August 1887, concerning William Mahone's gubernatorial campaign, signed by him, warning against the tactics of the Democrats. There are papers and letters to Edmund Wilcox Hubard, Jr., from William Mahone, concerning political matters, particularly letters dated 13 March and 17 August 1887.

1888: There is a printed notice, dated August 1888, of a meeting of the James River Valley Immigration Society and Natural Bridge. In a letter, dated 11 August 1888, William Mahone, attempted to persuade Edmund Wilcox Hubard, Jr., to run for Congress on the Republican ticket. September letters to E. W. Hubard, Jr., from Congressman Jacob Yost (1853-1933) concern political affairs.

1889-1891: There are letters, dated 1889 to 1890, concerning arrangements for selling antiques from Saratoga. There are letters, dated 1890 to 1891, concerning the Rosny Iron and Land Company. There is a notice, dated 23 April 1891, concerning proceeds from the sale of the Buckingham Female Collegiate Institute.

1892: There is a letter, dated 15 May 1892, from Thomas Staples Martin (1847-1919) concerning his candidacy for the U.S. Senate.

1893: There is a letter, dated 10 April 1893, to Lucy P. Hubard, from J. L. Hubard at Tye Brook, Nelson County, Va., giving family news. A letter and circular, dated 21 November 1893, from Herbert Barbee at Luray, Va., solicits funds for a monument to Confederate soldiers. There is a letter, dated 3 November 1893, to Lucy P. Hubard at Bay View, Va., telling about selling ponies on "Ponypenning Day," from Chincoteague Island, Va.

1894: There are letters, dated August 1894, originally exchanged between members of the Saratoga family, concerning the death of Dr. Osborne. Apparently the Osborne family was closely connected with the Hubards.

1896: There is a letter, dated 2 March 1896, from senator Thomas Staples Martin at Washington, D.C., to Edmund Wilcox Hubard, Jr., at Buckingham Court House, Va., on various matters, including division of the Democratic Party on free silver. There is more about this question in letters from other persons. There is a letter, dated 29 September 1896, from T. S. Martin at Scottsville, Va., concerning H. D. Flood's political organization in Buckingham County. There is a letter, dated 11 November 1896, from Mrs. Osborne about her affairs, in which she asked about the status of her inheritance from John Wayles Eppes's estate.

1898: There is a letter, dated 17 February 1898, from B. W. Blanton, of the Virginia House of Delegates, concerning politics. A letter, dated 27 August 1898, from congressman Julian Minor Quarles (1848-1929) concerning his candidacy for Congress.

1902: Congressman Henry de la Warr Flood (1862-1921), in letters dated 7 and 13 June, and 5 and 21 September 1902, wrote about personal and political matters, to Edmund Wilcox Hubard, Jr. There is a broadside, dated 18 August 1902, entitled "Resolutions adopted at a full meeting of the Democratic Committee of the tenth Congressional district, held at Clifton Forge, August 18, 1904."

1905: There is a letter, dated 3 January 1905, from Senator Thomas Staples Martin, concerning the contest between judges Hundley and Watkins, and political factions in the state generally. In a letter, dated 3 March 1905, Martin wrote about the appointment of Willie J. Eppes as clerk (apparently Clerk of Circuit Court, Buckingham, Va.), and Martin's need for political backing.

1906: There are letters, dated October 1906, relating to the erection of a toll bridge between Buckingham and Albemarle counties, Va.

1907: There is a letter, dated 31 May 1907, about procuring a portrait of Grand Master Joseph Montfort of Halifax, N.C.

1930: A clipping from a Richmond newspaper, dated 20 August 1930, tells of the sale of Saratoga to Mrs. N. M. Sutton, of Manteo, Va.

Undated materials have been grouped, as far as possible, by family member to which they relate.

Chiefly papers relating to Edmund Wilcox's medical practice. Included are letters from patients, bills, receipts, and accounting sheets.

Correspondence, drafts of speeches, notes, and other materials chiefly relating to Edmund Wilcox Hubard during his tenure in Congress, 1841-1847.

Correspondence and writings of Sue Hubard Crow. Most of the letters are post-bellum and relate to family matters. Writings include poems, essays, and stories, most of them about the change of seasons, love, and other general topics.

Papers, chiefly from before the Civil War, relating to various members of the Eppes and Hubard families, including correspondence, mostly about family matters, and papers relating to estate settlements.

Letters and letter fragments, poems and other writings, notes, accounts, maps, recipes, and other items relating to various family members and others, many of whom are not identified.

Arrangement: chronological.

This subseries consists of account books, day books, journals, mathematics, chemistry, and medical note books, music score books, slave lists, and diaries related to the Hubard family plantation and miscellaneous agricultural work, professional work, private interests, and travel expenses. There is also a published world atlas, dated 1822.

Arrangement: chronological.

This subseries consists of accountbooks, notebooks, and journals concerning Hubard family agricultural, educational, travel and political matters, and physician's and lawyer's fee books.

This subseries consists of undated volumes containing Latin notes, slave lists, gardening notes, and recipes. Volumes appear to pre-date the Civil War.