On a mobile device? Visit http://www.lib.unc.edu/m/
University Libraries banner
Old Well icon University Libraries banner
 
Click here to skip header navigation.

Highlights of the History of Small Area Geography

Guide to Historical Population and Housing Census Statistics and Maps for Small Area Geography: Blocks, Block Groups, Census Tracts, County Subdivisions, ZIP Codes, and similar areas, 1910 - 1990

Geographical Area Historical Highlights
Blocks

1940 - Block data were published for selected housing statistics in 191 cities with 50,000 or more inhabitants. (GARM 11-5)

1990 - 1990 was the first census in which the entire U.S. was blocked.

Block Groups
Quarter Tracts
Enumeration Districts

1870-1880 - Districts of enumeration (later called enumeration districts) began. (GARM 11-2)

Enumeration districts "continued to be the smallest geographic unit for which census data were available until census blocks were introduced for larger places in the 1940 census; even then, because blocks were numbered only in limited areas, EDs continued to be used as a collection and reporting unit in decennial censuses through the 1980 census". (GARM 11-3)

1970 - "In the block numbered areas, the Census Bureau devised the block group (BG) as a data tabulation and publication unit equivalent to the ED in non-block numbered areas. Originally referred to as quarter tracts, BGs were subdivisions of a census tract or block numbering area." (GARM 11-6)

1990 - Block groups have "largely replaced the earlier enumeration district (ED) as a small-area geographic unit for purposes of data presentation". (GARM 11-1)

1990 - 1990 was the first census in which the entire U.S. was block grouped.

Census Tracts
Block Numbering Areas
Block Areas

1910-1930 - Census tract or district data were collected for some large cities. (GARM 10-1)

1940 - Census tracts were officially adopted. (GARM 10-3)

1940 - Block areas (later block numbering areas) were used in areas without census tracts. (GARM 10-3 - 10-4)

1960 - Block areas were renamed block numbering areas. (GARM 10-4)

1990 - 1990 was the first census in which the entire U.S. was tracted.

2000 - Block numbering areas were renamed census tracts.

County Subdivisions The history of county subdivisions depends on the state.

Examples of county subdivisions include: minor civil division (MCD) (township, town); census county division (CCD); unorganized territory (UT); census subarea (CSA)(Alaska); election precinct, magisterial district, parish governing authority district, supervisors' district, election district, plantation, assessment district, etc. (GARM 8)

Source: Geographic Areas Reference Manual (GARM). Census Bureau.

Back to top

See also A Guide to the Decennial Census with a focus on 1990 and 2000 census data.
Back to Guide to Historical Population and Housing Census Statistics and Maps for Small Area Geography: Blocks, Block Groups, Census Tracts, County Subdivisions, ZIP Codes, and similar areas, 1910 - 1990.

Barbara Levergood, Former Electronic Documents Librarian

Can't Find What You Are Looking For? How Can We Help You?

 

E-mail Reference questions to our e-mail reference service
Suggestions on Library Services? Give us your feedback.
URL: http://www.lib.unc.edu/reference/govinfo/census/smallhisthilights.html
This page was last updated Monday, July 18, 2005.