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Highlights of the History of Small Area Geography
Guide to Historical Population and Housing Census Statistics and Maps for Small Area Geography: Blocks, Block Groups, Census Tracts, County Subdivisions, ZIP Codes, and similar areas, 1910 - 1990
| Geographical Area | Historical Highlights |
|---|---|
| Blocks |
1940 - Block data were published for selected housing statistics in 191 cities with 50,000 or more inhabitants. (GARM 11-5) 1990 - 1990 was the first census in which the entire U.S. was blocked. |
|
Block Groups Quarter Tracts Enumeration Districts |
1870-1880 - Districts of enumeration (later called enumeration districts) began. (GARM 11-2) Enumeration districts "continued to be the smallest geographic unit for which census data were available until census blocks were introduced for larger places in the 1940 census; even then, because blocks were numbered only in limited areas, EDs continued to be used as a collection and reporting unit in decennial censuses through the 1980 census". (GARM 11-3) 1970 - "In the block numbered areas, the Census Bureau devised the block group (BG) as a data tabulation and publication unit equivalent to the ED in non-block numbered areas. Originally referred to as quarter tracts, BGs were subdivisions of a census tract or block numbering area." (GARM 11-6) 1990 - Block groups have "largely replaced the earlier enumeration district (ED) as a small-area geographic unit for purposes of data presentation". (GARM 11-1) 1990 - 1990 was the first census in which the entire U.S. was block grouped. |
|
Census Tracts Block Numbering Areas Block Areas |
1910-1930 - Census tract or district data were collected for some large cities. (GARM 10-1) 1940 - Census tracts were officially adopted. (GARM 10-3) 1940 - Block areas (later block numbering areas) were used in areas without census tracts. (GARM 10-3 - 10-4) 1960 - Block areas were renamed block numbering areas. (GARM 10-4) 1990 - 1990 was the first census in which the entire U.S. was tracted. 2000 - Block numbering areas were renamed census tracts. |
| County Subdivisions |
The history of county subdivisions depends on the
state. Examples of county subdivisions include: minor civil division (MCD) (township, town); census county division (CCD); unorganized territory (UT); census subarea (CSA)(Alaska); election precinct, magisterial district, parish governing authority district, supervisors' district, election district, plantation, assessment district, etc. (GARM 8) |
Source: Geographic Areas Reference Manual (GARM). Census Bureau.
See also A Guide to the Decennial
Census with a focus on 1990 and 2000 census data.
Back to Guide to Historical
Population and Housing Census Statistics and Maps for Small
Area Geography: Blocks, Block Groups, Census Tracts, County
Subdivisions, ZIP Codes, and similar areas, 1910 -
1990.
Barbara Levergood, Former Electronic Documents Librarian
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